海水浸泡对表皮屏障影响的超微结构观察及其机制研究

目的：探讨海水浸泡对裸鼠表皮屏障功能的影响及其意义.方法：成年雄性裸鼠随机分为4个组,分别浸泡0、3、6和12h,标本分别经锇酸和四氧化钌固定,在电镜下观察海水浸泡后裸鼠表皮角质层损伤的变化规律.结果：表皮经海水浸泡后,角质层结构发生改变,表现为上部角质细胞间空腔形成,角质细胞剥脱;四氧化钌固定后的标本显示角质层脂质结构也发生了改变,表现为角质细胞间隙中出现异常的排列紊乱的絮凝块状电子致密或透明物质,脂质膜状结构异常并在膜结构间形成腔隙,上述改变随浸泡时间的延长其变化愈明显.结论：海水浸泡可引起表皮角质层脂质超微结构的改变从而导致表皮屏障的损伤,本实验结果可为海战训练以及长期海上作业或渔业生产的防护有一定的指导意义.

Ultrastructural study of the mechanism of epidermal barrier function influenced by seawater immersion

Objective: To investigate the effect of seawater(SW) immersion on the epidermal barrier function in hairless mice.Methods:Male hairless mice were immersed in the SW for 0,3,6 and 12 h respectively.Samples were fixed by osmium tetroxide and ruthenium tetroxide for transmission electron microscopy.Results:After immersion in SW,the ultrastructural abnormalities of stratum corneum were found,presenting cavities formation and removal in the outer layer.The structure of the stratum corneum lipids was also changed,showing abnormal disarranged electron-dense and/or electron lucent materials and lacunae formation within the stratum corneum interstices.Moreover,the extent of all the changes was positively correlated with the immersion time.Conclusion:SW immersion can cause the changes of the stratum corneum and/or lipids,thereby induce abrogation of epidermal barrier function.The present study provides morphological evidence,which has a certain guide value to fishing industry,naval training and battles.