吴茱萸不同组分对小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究

摘要：目的 比较吴茱萸全组分、水提组分、醇提组分和挥发油不同组分对小鼠急性毒性的影响，进行吴茱萸药材的急性毒性观察与评价,为临床安全合理用药提供依据。方法 分别制备吴茱萸全组分、水提组分、醇提组分和挥发油不同组分，按照经典小鼠急性毒性试验方法，进行吴茱萸不同组分的小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究，试验数据用bliss法计算半数致死量（LD50），公斤体重法计算最大耐受量（MTD），连续给药观察14天。结果 吴茱萸不同组分对小鼠急性毒性强度为：挥发油>全组分>醇提组分>水提组分。吴茱萸挥发油LD50值为2.70 ml·kg-1·d-1，95%的可信限为 2.58～2.84 ml·kg-1·d-1；吴茱萸全组分、醇提组分和水提组分无法作出LD50 ，MTD试验结果按含生药量计算分别为15.6 g·kg-1·d-1、70.6 g·kg-1·d-1和80.0 g·kg-1·d-1，分别相当于临床70 kg人每公斤体重日用量的242.7倍、1098.2倍和1244.4倍。结论 吴茱萸药材具有一定的毒性，与药典和文献记载相符。通过吴茱萸不同组分小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究，有利于进行吴茱萸药材系统的毒性研究与评价，为进一步锁定毒性物质基础提供试验依据，也为临床安全用药提供依据。

Experimental Comparison Study on Mice's Acute Toxicity of Different Composition in Evodia fructus

Objective To compare the acute toxicity of different components in evodia Fructus on mice which is all components, water extraction components, alcohol extraction components and volatile oil, make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to evodia fructus herbs in order to provide a basis for safe and reasonable medication in clinical Methods Respectively prepare the all components, water extraction components, alcohol extraction components and volatile oil, and compare the acute toxicity of different components in evodia fructus on mice in accordance with classical acute toxicity test methods, and the experimental datas are calculated LD50 with the Bliss method,with the continuous administration and observation for 14 days. Results The acute toxicity of different components in evodia fructus on mice is： volatile off〉all components〉alcohol extraction components〉water extraction components. The LD50 of volatile oil in evodia fructus is 2.70 mL·kg^-1·d^-1 and the 95% confidence interval is 2.58-2.84 mL·kg^-1·d^-1; the all volatile oil in evodia fructus are unable to make LD50, MTD results calculated in accordance with crude drag content were respectively 15.6g·kg^-1·d^-1、70.6 g·kg^-1·d^-1 and 80.0 g·kg^-1·d^-1,which is equal to 242.7 times, 1 098.2 times and 1 244.4 times of 70kg people＇s daily dried medicinal herb expenses. Conclusion The evodia fructus components,water extraction components,alcohol extraction components and ctus herb has a certain toxicity, which is consistent with the pharmacopoeia and documentations. By comparing the acute toxicity of different components in evocha fructus on mice, it is beneficial to make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to evodia fructus herbs, provide experimental basis for further toxicity-based parts and toxical substances and provide a basis for safe and reasonable medication in clinical.