腹主动脉瘤开放手术围手术期并发症分析

目的 探讨腹主动脉瘤(abdominal aortic aneurysm,AAA)开放手术并发症的治疗和预防.方法 1991年1月到2009年8月手术治疗AAA329例,对围手术期并发症进行回顾性分析.结果 患者均顺利完成手术治疗,30 d围手术期死亡率为0.91%.围手术期主要并发症发生率为19.1%(63/329),包括心功能不全21例,呼吸功能不全15例,心肌梗死6例,肾功能衰竭5例,心律失常6例,脑梗死2例,下肢动脉栓塞2例,伤口裂开2例,腹壁切口疝1例,皮下血肿1例,下肢深静脉血栓2例.均给以对症治疗,1例患者死于急性心肌梗死,1例术后6 h出现肾功能衰竭,经20 d透析治疗后死亡,1例术后6 h死于频发室早和室颤,其余患者恢复良好.结论 心脏并发症及呼吸功能不全是AAA开放手术后最常见的并发症,术前全面评估、术中精细操作、术后严密监护并及时处理相应并发症是提高疗效的关键.

Postoperative complications of open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery

Objective To investigate the treatment and prevention for postoperative complications of abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA)in open surgery.Methods 329 AAA patients received open surgery from January 1991 to August 2009.The postoperative complications were analyzed retrospectively.Results 30 d mortality rate was 0.91%,the incidence of postoperative complications was 19.1%(63/329),including cardiac dysfunction in 21 cases,respiratory insufficiency in 15 cases,myocardial infarction in 6 cases,renal failure in 5 cases,arrhythmia in 6 cases,cerebral infarction in 2 cases,artery embolism of lower extremity in 2 cases,wound dehiscence in 2 cases,incisional hernia in 1 case,ecchymoma in 1 case and deep vein thrombosis in 2 cases.One patient died of acute myocardial infarction,one died of renal failure after 20 d dialysis,1 patient died of premature ventricualr contraction and fibrillation ventricular.Other patients recovered well. Conclusions Cardiac dysfunction and respiratory insufficiency are the main postoperative complications of AAA.Preoperative evaluation.careful intraoperative maneuvre and postoperative care ale the key to improve the treatment effectiveness.