2014-2018年贵州省新报告 HIV/AIDS病例晚发现比例及其影响因素

  目的  了解2014-2018年贵州省新报告人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）感染者/艾滋病（acquired immune deficiency syndrome，AIDS）患者（简称HIV/AIDS病例）晚发现比例及其影响因素。  方法  通过中国艾滋病综合防治信息系统，选择2014-2018年贵州省新报告的全部HIV/AIDS病例进行分析，运用二分类Logistic回归分析模型分析病例晚发现的影响因素。  结果  2014-2018年贵州省新报告HIV/AIDS病例共33 611例，新报告病例的晚发现比例分别为35.46%、34.49%、38.35%、39.74%和38.80%；来源于医疗机构的晚发现病例构成比逐年上升（χ2=64.603，P < 0.001）；分析不同样本来源病例的晚发现比例，发现医疗机构检测新报告病例的晚发现比例高于通过检测咨询、阳性者配偶或性伴检测报告的病例（χ2=276.033，P < 0.001）；多因素分析显示，性别、婚姻状况、传播途径、职业、民族及样本来源是影响新报告病例发现晚的主要因素（均有P < 0.05）。  结论  2014-2018年贵州省新报告HIV/AIDS病例晚发现比例呈缓慢上升趋势。一方面应继续加强全人群艾滋病的宣传教育，提高人群的HIV主动检测意识，另一方面，应继续在全省推进扩大检测，提高病例的早发现能力。

Analysis of late diagnosis and its influencing factors of newly reported HIV/AIDS in Guizhou Province from 2014 to 2018

  Objective  To find late diagnosis and its influencing factors of newly reported HIV/AIDS in Guizhou Province from 2014 to 2018.  Methods  Through the Chinese National Comprehensive HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care Information System, all newly reported HIV/AIDS cases from 2014 to 2018 in Guizhou Province were analyzed and related factors of late diagnosis were analyzed using binary Logistic regression model.  Results  From 2014 to 2018, there were 33 611 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Guizhou Province, and the late diagnosis rates of newly reported cases were 35.46%, 34.49%, 38.35%, 39.74% and 38.80% respectively. The analysis showed that the proportion of late diagnosis cases from medical institutions increased year by year (χ2=64.603, P < 0.001). By analyzing the late diagnosis rate of cases from different sample sources, medical institutions was significantly higher than that reported by voluntary counseling and testing, positive spouses or sexual partners(χ2=276.033, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that gender, marital status, route of transmission, occupation, ethnicity and source of samples were associated with the late diagnosis of newly reported cases (all P < 0.05).  Conclusions  It shows a slow upward trend of late diagnosis rate among HIV/AIDS reported in Guizhou Province from 2014 to 2018.On the one hand, it is of great significance to continue to strengthen the publicity and education of the whole population in Guizhou, in order to improve the awareness of HIV active detection. On the other hand, we should continue to expand HIV testing in Guizhou Province to improve the early detection level of HIV/AIDS.