中国农村失能老年人抑郁状况影响因素

  目的  了解农村失能老年人抑郁状况，并探讨其影响因素。  方法  基于2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据（China health and retirement longitudinal study，CHARLS），纳入836名受访者。运用order logit模型分析中国农村失能老年人抑郁状况的影响因素，并通过分失能程度估计研究样本异质性。  结果  有55.74%的农村失能老年人精神亚健康，其中抑郁状况一般的为35.05%，抑郁状况差的为20.69%。基本特征、生活状况、健康状况、社会经济特征、代际支持五方面变量在不同程度上影响农村失能老年人抑郁状况。儿女数量对总样本抑郁状况的影响差异无统计学意义，但女儿数量（OR=1.416，95%CI:1.055~1.901，P=0.020）和儿子数量（OR=2.012，95%CI:1.579~2.564，P=0.043）分别对中度和重度农村失能老年人抑郁状况产生负向影响，与孙辈同村（OR=0.732，95%CI:0.554~0.966，P=0.028）对农村失能老年人抑郁状况的影响差异有统计学意义，对重度失能老年人抑郁状况产生正向影响（OR=0.527，95%CI:0.341~0.813，P=0.034）。  结论  农村失能老年人抑郁状况受多元因素共同影响。"养儿防老"与"多子多福"现象正在逐渐消失，"隔辈亲"现象依旧存在。

The influencing factors of depression status of the disabled elderly in rural areas of China

  Objective  To underst and the depression status of disabled elderly in rural areas and to explore its influencing factors.  Methods  Based on the data of China health and retirement longitudinal study (China health and retirement longitudinal study, CHARLS) in 2015, 836 respondents were enrolled. Order logit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of depression status of disabled elderly in rural areas of China and the heterogeneity of the sample was estimated by the degree of disability.  Results  55.74% of the disabled elderly in rural areas had mental sub-health, of which 35.05% were in general depression status and 20.69% were in poor depression status.The basic characteristics, living conditions, health status, socio-economic characteristics and intergenerational support affected the depression status of rural disabled elderly in varying degrees. There was no statistically difference in the influence of the number of children on the depression status in the total sample, but the number of daughters (OR=1.416, 95% CI: 1.055-1.901, P=0.020) and sons (OR=2.012, 95% CI: 1.579-2.564, P=0.043) had negative effect on the depression status of moderate and severe rural disabled elderly respectively. Same village with grandchildren (OR=0.732, 95% CI: 0.554-0.966, P=0.028) had statistically difference in the influence on the depression status of rural disabled elderly, it had positive effect on the depression status of severe rural disabled elderly (OR=0.527, 95% CI: 0.341-0.813, P=0.034).  Conclusion  The depression status of the disabled elderly in rural areas is affected by multiple factors. The phenomena of "raising children and preventing old age" and "more children and more happiness" are gradually disappearing. The phenomenon of "next generation relatives" still exists.