广东省清远市农村留守儿童伤害流行特征调查研究

目的探讨农村留守儿童伤害的流行情况及危险因素,为制订预防伤害措施提供相应的证据支持。方法采用分层整群抽样,于广东省清远市清新区经济发展程度不同的2个层中各随机抽取一个镇,再从当地随机抽取3所小学、3所中学的3～9年级的留守青少年儿童为研究对象,以学生自填问卷方式调查近一年内的伤害发生情况、个人情况、家庭环境和学校情况。运用χ~2检验和多因素Logistic回归模型分析伤害的影响因素。结果一年内当地的留守儿童伤害发生率为17.50%(440人)。单因素检验提示学段、独生情况、健康状况、焦虑状况、伤害知识水平、伤害行为水平、与同学的关系、老师对学生态度、老师强调安全问题的组间伤害发生率的差异有统计学意义(均有P<0.05),多因素Logistic回归模型结果提示中学、身体健康、行为水平合格、与同学关系融洽是保护因素(均有P<0.05),焦虑是危险因素(OR=1.262,95%CI:1.009～1.577,P=0.041)。结论农村留守儿童伤害情况受多因素影响,因此应采取综合干预措施,在营造安全健康的成长环境的同时,积极做好伤害教育工作,减少伤害的发生。

Investigation on the epidemic characteristics of injuries among left-behind children in rural areas in Qingyuan city,Guangdong Province

  Objective  To investigate the epidemic character of injuries among rural left-behind children, so as to provide evidence for strategies and processes on preventing injuries.  Methods  Using stratified cluster sampling, a town was randomly selected from each of the two layers with different economic development levels in Qingxin district, Qingyuan city, Guangdong Province. The local left-behind children of 3-9 grades from 3 elementary schools and 3 middle schools were randomly selected from the local area. The student self-administered questionnaire was used to investigate the occurrence of injuries, personal circumstances, family environment and school situation in the past year. Data of injury situation, personal situation, family situation and school situation during last year were analysed by Chi-square and multiple logistic analysis.  Results  Injuries were reported to occur in 440 left-behind children, with an injury rate of 17.5%. Significant difference of injury rate was observed between groups divided by grades, being only-child in family, health conditions, anxiety, getting along with other students, teacher's attitude to students, emphasizing security by teachers, knowledge level about injury, and injury-relative behaviors (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression model results suggested that middle school, physical health, behavioral level, and relationship with classmates are protective factors, anxiety is a risk factor (OR=1.262, 95%CI: 1.009~1.577, P=0.041).  Conclusions  We have to take some comprehensive methods to prevent injuries that are influenced by all kinds of factors. While constructing an advantage circumstance to left-behind children, their awareness of security should also be improved to reduce the occurrence of injuries.