大鼠非人工呼吸机下心肌缺血再灌注无复流模型的建立和评价

目的：建立大鼠非人工呼吸机下心肌缺血再灌注无复流模型，通过对形态学、血液生化学和血液流变学等指标进行评价，为研究心血管系统疾病发病机制和评价治疗心血管疾病药物药效学奠定基础。方法：选择健康雌性Wistar大鼠50只随机分为假手术组（20只）和模型组（30只）。模型组大鼠结扎冠状动脉左前降支2 h，再灌注2 h，建立大鼠非人工呼吸机下心肌缺血再灌注后无复流模型；假手术组大鼠仅穿线不结扎。通过检测大鼠心肌缺血面积（AAR）、心肌梗死面积（AAI）和心肌无复流面积（AAN），血清肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性，全血黏度及血浆黏度、血小板黏附率（PAR）和聚集率（PAG）等对模型的建立进行评价。结果：与假手术组比较，模型组大鼠心肌AAR、AAI和AAN均明显增加（P<0.01），血清CK-MB、AST和LDH活性均明显升高（P<0.01），全血低切（20/s）、中切（60/s）和高切（120/s）黏度及血浆黏度均明显增加（P<0.01），PAR，1、3和5 minPAG及最大聚集率（MPAG）也明显升高（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：成功建立了大鼠非人工呼吸机下心肌缺血再灌注无复流模型，该模型操作简便、动物损伤小、成模率高、实验周期短、实验费用低。

Establishment and evaluation of rat models of myocardial ischemia reperfusion-related no-reflow under non-artificial ventilator

Objective:To establish the rat models of myocardial ischemia reperfusion-related no-reflow under non-artificial ventilator, to evaluate the models by morphology, hematological biochemistry and hemorheology, and to lay the foundation for studying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and evaluating the pharmacodynamics of drugs of cardiovascular diseases. Methods:Fifty healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=20) and model group (n=30). The myocardial ischemia reperfusion-related no-reflow rat models in model group were induced by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery for 2 h and another 2 h for reperfusion. The rats in sham group were only threaded and not ligated. The model was evaluated by detecting the area at risk (AAR), area at infarct (AAI), area at no-reflow (AAN) of myocardium, the activities of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum,the whole blood viscosity,the plasma viscosity, the platelet adhesion rate (PAR),the platelet aggregation (PAG) of the rats. Results:Compared with sham operation group, the AAR, AAI,and AAN of myocardium, the activities of CK-MB, LDH,and AST in serum,the whole blood low shear viscosity(20/s),the middle shear viscosity(60/s), the high shear viscosity(120/s),the plasma viscosity, PAR, PAG (1, 3, 5 min)and the maximum platelet aggregation rate(MAPG) of the rats in model group were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:The rat model of myocardial ischemia reperfusion-related no-reflow under non-artificial ventilator is successfully established. This method is characterized by simple operation, decreased injury to animals, higher stability of model construction, shorter experimental cycle and less cost.