2016—2018年成都市成华区碘缺乏病监测结果分析

目的了解成华区居民碘营养状况及碘缺乏病防治效果。方法 2016-2018年,选取成都市成华区位于东、西、南、北、中的5个街道,每年每个街道各抽取20名孕妇,每个街道的一所小学各抽取40名学生,采集尿液样品。同时采集家中食用盐样共计900份。对食盐与尿液样品进行检测,对居民户合格碘盐食用率、盐碘中位数等情况进行分析。分析儿童及孕妇尿碘情况、儿童甲状腺肿大情况。结果 2016-2018年,成华区儿童尿碘监测600份,7.2%的儿童碘营养不足,儿童尿碘中位数215.2ug/L,2017年尿碘中位数高于其他两年(P<0.05);监测孕妇尿碘300份,其中38.0%的孕妇碘缺乏,三年间孕妇尿碘中位数较均衡(P>0.05),尿碘中位数174.5ug/L。抽取食用盐碘盐覆盖率97.0%,碘盐合格率96.3%,合格碘盐食用率93.4%。2016-2018年儿童甲状腺肿大率均<0.5%。结论成华区人群碘营养状况处于较为适宜的状态,仍有部分居民食盐摄入量偏高,需要长期坚持开展碘缺乏病监测,掌握人群碘营养状况。

Analysis of IDD monitoring results in Chenghua District of Chengdu City from 2016 to 2018

Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status and the effect of prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) of residents in Chenghua District of Chengdu City. Methods From 2016 to 2018, five streets in Chenghua District of Chengdu City, located in the east, west, south, north and middle, were selected as investigated areas annually. Twenty pregnant women and 40 students from a primary school were taken as the survey objects in each street. A total of 900 samples of edible salt and urine were selected to test. The consumption rate of qualified iodized salt and the median of salt iodine in the residents were analyzed. The urine iodine and goiter in the children and pregnant women were analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2018, 600 children were monitored for urinary iodine in Chenghua District, 7.2% of them were undernourished, the median of urinary iodine in the children was 215.2 ug/L, and the median of children's urinary iodine in 2017 was higher than those in the other two years (P<0.05); 300 pregnant women were monitored for urinary iodine and 38.0% of them were iodine deficiency. The median of urine iodine of the pregnant women was balanced in three years (P>0.05), and the median of urinary iodine was 174.5 ug/L. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.0%, the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.3%, and the edible rate of qualifiediodized salt was 93.4%. The incidence of goiter in the children was less than 0.5% from 2016 to 2018. Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of the population in Chenghua District is relatively suitable, but some residents have high salt intake. Therefore, the long-term IDD monitoring is necessary, and we should master the the iodine nutritional status of population.