甲状腺相关眼病免疫相关发病机制的研究现状与进展

甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)是Graves病最常见的甲状腺腺外表现,主要表现为上眼睑退缩、水肿、眶周组织红斑和眼球突出,进一步发展可影响患者视力甚至导致失明。TAO的发病机制不完全清楚,由多种因素共同影响,但是目前患者自身免疫的功能异常是TAO的主要发病因素。本文将从细胞免疫、自身抗原和自噬这几个方面阐述TAO免疫相关发病机制研究的现状与进展,为临床工作和相关研究提供参考。

Current status and progress of immune related pathogenesis in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy

Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy(TAO) is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease,mainly manifested as upper eyelid retraction,edema,orbital tissue erythema and exophthalmos,and further development can affect the patient’s vision and even lead to blindness.The pathogenesis of TAO is not completely clear and is affected by many factors.However,the abnormal function of autoimmunity is the main pathogenic factor of TAO.The current status and progress of TAO immune-related pathogenesis are reviewed in this article from the aspects of cellular immunity,autoantigen and autophagy,which can provide references for clinical work and related research.