上海市50岁及以上人群衰弱状况研究

  目的  采用衰弱指数(frailty index，FI)对上海市50岁及以上人群的衰弱状况进行分析。  方法  数据来源于世界卫生组织"全球老龄化与成人健康研究(study on global AGEing and adult health，SAGE)"上海现场第一轮横断面调查(2009-2010年)，以40个健康相关变量为基础构建FI以评估50岁及以上人群衰弱状况，FI值的范围为0~1，将FI ≥ 0.2判定为衰弱。  结果  共纳入8 632名调查对象，平均年龄(63.3±9.9)岁。衰弱率为7.8%(95% CI:5.8%~10.4%)，FI值为0.08(95% CI:0.07~0.09)，两者均在女性、高龄、离异(分居/丧偶)者、文化程度低、家庭经济情况较差者中较高。多因素分析结果显示增龄、水果蔬菜摄入不足、低水平体力活动与衰弱及FI值较高相关。  结论  本研究提供了上海市50岁及以上人群衰弱率和衰弱指数的分布情况。面对上海人口深度老龄化的现状，开展对老年人，尤其是衰弱高危人群的评估及针对性干预尤为必要。

Evaluation of frailty in people aged 50 years and above in Shanghai

  Objective  To evaluate frailty in people aged 50 years and above in Shanghai.  Methods  Cross-sectional data was collected from 2009 to 2010 among people aged 50 and above in Shanghai in the World Health Organization (WHO) study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) wave 1. A frailty index (FI) was constructed as the proportion of deficits in 40 variables. A FI of 0.2 or greater was recognized as approaching a frail state.  Results  A total of 8 632 participants were included, with average age of 63.3 years. The overall weighted prevalence of frailty was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.8-10.4%), the score of FI was 0.08 (95% CI: 0.07-0.09), which were both higher among women, elderly people, the divorced (separated/widowed) and individuals with lower levels of education and wealth. In addition, Ageing, insufficient intake of vegetable and fruit and low level of physical activity were significantly associated with frailty and higher FI.  Conclusions  Our study provides the epidemiological characteristics of frailty in people aged 50 years and older in Shanghai. It highlights the need for targeted preventive approaches and support programs to promote physical, psychological and social health in elderly people.