贵州省少数民族地区外出务工者乙型肝炎流行模式

  目的  调查贵州少数民族地区外出务工人员乙肝流行模式特点，为乙肝的防控措施提供参考。  方法  采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，对贵州少数民族地区雷山和荔波县分别抽取4个村为调查地点，对当地居民进行问卷调查和血清乙肝五项检测。  结果  本次调查贵州少数民族总人群1 629人，外出务工464人中乙肝感染率为44.8%、HBsAg携带率为8.4%、抗-HBs阳性率为28.0%、抗-HBc阳性率为25.6%。外出务工感染模式检出率（19.8%）低于非外出务工者（23.2%），但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；外出务工者易感模式检出率为（52.2%）高于非外出务工者（43.4%），免疫模式检出率（28.0%）低于非外出务工者（33.4%），差异均具有统计学意义（均有P < 0.05）。经多分类Logistic回归分析模型调整相关因素后，相对于非外出务工居民，外出务工仍为易感模式的影响因素（OR=1.568，95% CI:1.206~2.039）。  结论  贵州少数民族地区外出务工人员乙肝易感性相对较高，应大力加强对外出务工者乙肝疫苗免疫接种，提高其特异性免疫，以减少乙肝的感染与流行。

A study on epidemic model of hepatitis B virus in migrant workes in Guizhou minority areas

  Objective  To research the prevalence model of hepatitis B virus in the minority areas of Guizhou and to provide reference for the prevention and control virus of hepatitis B virus.  Methods  Using multi-stage cluster simple random sampling, four villages were selected from Leishan and Libo counties in minority areas of Guizhou. Questionnaires were investigated by trained investigators and serum hepatitis B virus five-item test results were collected from the subjects.  Results  A total of 1 629 participants were surveyed, the outcome showed that migrant workers' infection rate of hepatitis B was 44.8%, and the carrying rate of HBsAg was 8.4%. The positive rates of anti-HBs and anti-HBc were 28.0% and 25.6% respectively. The infection model rate of migrant workers was 19.8%, which was lower than that of non-migrant workers (23.2%) (P>0.05).The detection rate of susceptible model in migrant workers (52.2%) was higher than that in non-migrant workers (43.4%), while the detection rate of immune mode migrant workers (28.0%) was lower than that in non-migrant workers (33.4%), which the difference was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). After adjusted related factors by multivariate Logistic regression analysis model, migrant workers were still the influencing factors of vulnerability model (OR=1.568, 95% CI: 1.206-2.039) compared with non-migrant workers.  Conclusion  There was a high susceptibility to hepatitis B virus among migrant workers in minority areas of Guizhou, In order to reduce the infection and prevalence of hepatitis B virus, we should strengthen the immunization of hepatitis B vaccine to migrant workers and to improve their specific immunity.