支气管动脉栓塞术治疗肺结核大咯血复发危险因素与护理措施

目的 探讨支气管动脉栓塞术(BAE)后肺结核大咯血复发的危险因素以及护理措施。方法 回顾性分析2015年3月—2018年1月在本院接受BAE治疗的78例肺结核大咯血患者的临床资料,依据术后复发情况分为2组,其中复发组(30例)与未复发组(48例),分析肺结核大咯血术后复发的相关危险因素,并制定针对性护理措施。结果 2组性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);复发组过度焦虑或紧张、过早活动或活动不当、剧烈咳嗽、并发并发症占比均高于未复发组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经logistic回归分析发现,过度焦虑或紧张、过早活动或活动不当、剧烈咳嗽、并发并发症为影响肺结核大咯血患者BAE术后复发的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论 过度焦虑或紧张、过早活动或活动不当、剧烈咳嗽等均为肺结核大咯血患者BAE术后复发的相关危险因素,临床需通过心理干预、控制呼吸等方式,以帮助患者缓解病情。

Risk factors for recurrence of massive hemoptysis after BAE treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and nursing measures

Objective To explore the risk factors and nursing measures for massive hemoptysis after bronchial artery embolization (BAE) in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Methods The clinical data of 78 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who had massive hemoptysis and were treated with BAE in the hospital were collected and analyzed retrospectively from March 2015 to January 2018. According to the recurrence of massive hemoptysis, the patients were divided into a recurrent group (30 cases) and a non-recurrent group (48 cases). The risk factors of postoperative recurrence of massive hemoptysis were analyzed, and the relevant nursing measures were formulated. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the sex ratio (P>0.05). The proportions of overanxiety or tension, premature activities or inappropriate activities, severe cough, and complications in the recurrent group were significantly higher than those in non-recurrence group (all P<0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that the excessive anxiety or tension, premature activities or inappropriate activities, severe cough, and complications were the risk factors for the recurrence in the patients with massive hemoptysis after BAE (OR>1, P<0.05). Conclusion The excessive anxiety or tension, premature activities or inappropriate activities, and severe cough are the risk factors for the recurrence in the pulmonary tuberculosis patients with massive hemoptysis after BAE. Therefore, in clinic, the psychological intervention and respiratory control are necessary in order to help the patients to alleviate the disease.