结肠癌患者并发贫血的危险因素分析及护理对策

目的探讨结肠癌患者并发贫血的危险因素,并在此基础上提出护理对策,为结肠癌并发贫血患者的临床防治及护理提供支持。方法选取浙江医院2016年9月-2018年7月间收治的结肠癌患者324例,按照是否发生贫血分为贫血组(198例)和未贫血组(126例)。制作危险因素调查表,对2组年龄、高血压病史、糖尿病史、TNM分期、病理分化程度、脉管瘤栓、肿瘤直径大小、肿瘤类型、癌性肠梗阻及低蛋白血症等因素进行统计,并采用单因素和多因素分析对收集的数据进行处理,进而确定结肠癌患者并发贫血的危险因素。分析危险因素的特点,提出相应的护理对策。结果单因素结果显示,2组年龄、TNM分期、病理分化程度、脉管瘤栓、肿瘤直径大小、肿瘤类型、癌性肠梗阻及低蛋白血症差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、TNM分期、病理分化程度、脉管瘤栓、肿瘤直径大小、肿瘤类型、癌性肠梗阻及低蛋白血症是结肠癌患者并发贫血的危险因素。结论结肠癌患者并发贫血与患者的年龄、TNM分期、病理分化程度、脉管瘤栓、肿瘤直径大小、肿瘤类型、癌性肠梗阻及低蛋白血症等危险因素密切相关,临床中要重视危险因素,做好治疗和护理,预防贫血的发生。

Risk factors analysis and nursing strategies for patients with colon cancer complicated with anemia

Objective To investigate the risk factors and nursing strategies for patients with colon cancer complicated with anemia. Methods A total of 198 patients with colon cancer who were admitted to our hospital from September 2016 to July 2018 were enrolled in the anemia group. One hundred and twenty-six patients with colon cancer who did not have anemia were anemia. The age, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, TNM stage, degree of pathological differentiation, vascular tumor thrombus, tumor diameter, tumor type, cancerous intestinal obstruction and hypoproteinemia of the two groups were counted, and single factor and Multivariate analysis identified risk factors for anemia in colon cancer patients. Results Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, TNM stage, pathological differentiation, vascular tumor thrombus, tumor diameter, tumor type, cancerous intestinal obstruction and hypoproteinemia were associated with anemia in colon cancer patients. Conclusion Age, TNM stage, pathological differentiation, vascular tumor thrombus, tumor diameter, tumor type, cancerous intestinal obstruction and hypoproteinemia are risk factors for anemia in colon cancer patients. Risk factors should be emphasized in clinical practice. Good treatment and care to prevent the occurrence of anemia.