玉环海岛地区儿童呼吸道感染相关因素的临床研究

目的 研究维生素A、维生素E水平与儿童呼吸道感染的相关性,分析玉环海岛地区儿童反复呼吸道感染(recurrent respiratory tract infection,RRTI)的相关危险因素。 方法 将2017年8月-2018年4月在玉环市人民医院住院或门诊就诊的452例儿童分为RRTI组142例,支气管肺炎组158例,健康体检组152例。比较3组维生素A、维生素E缺乏率、贫血率;比较3组维生素A、维生素E和血红蛋白水平差别;将RRTI进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。 结果 RRTI组维生素A缺乏率较支气管肺炎组及健康体检组显著升高(均P<0.05),支气管肺炎组维生素A缺乏率较健康体检组显著升高(P<0.05)。3组维生素E缺乏率比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。RRTI组贫血率较健康体检组显著升高(P=0.002)。3组维生素A、血红蛋白水平比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),3组维生素E水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析的基础上进行多因素Logistic回归分析显示维生素A缺乏、被动吸烟、早产、贫血、经常输液及幼托为RRTI的独立危险因素(均P<0.05),母乳喂养为独立保护因素(P<0.05)。 结论 玉环海岛地区儿童维生素A缺乏率较高,维生素E缺乏不明显;儿童RRTI与多种因素有关,其中维生素A缺乏是一个重要原因。 

Clinical study on related factors of respiratory tract infection in children in island area of Yuhuan

Objective To study the correlation between vitamin A and E levels and respiratory tract infection in children, and to analyze the risk factors of recurrent respiratory tract infection (RRTI) in children in island area of Yuhuan. Methods A total of 452 hospitalized and outpatient children in Yuhuan people's Hospital from August 2017 to April 2018 were divided into RRTI group (142 cases), bronchopneumonia group (158 cases) and healthy physical examination group (152 cases). The rates of vitamin A, vitamin E deficiency and anemia were compared among the three groups. The differences of vitamin A, vitamin E and hemoglobin levels between the three groups were compared. RRTI was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results The vitamin A deficiency rate in RRTI group was significantly higher than that in bronchopneumonia group and healthy physical examination group (P<0.05), and the vitamin A deficiency rate in bronchopneumonia group was higher than that in healthy physical examination group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in vitamin E deficiency rate among the three groups (P>0.05). The anemia rate in the RRTI group was significantly higher than that in the health examination group (P=0.002). There were significant differences in vitamin A and hemoglobin levels among the three groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in vitamin E levels among the three groups (P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis based on univariate analysis showed that vitamin A deficiency, passive smoking, premature delivery, anemia, frequent infusion and nursery school were all independent risk factors for RRTI (P<0.05), and breast feeding was an independent protective factor (P<0.05). Conclusion The rate of vitamin A deficiency was higher and vitamin E deficiency was not obvious in children in the island area of Yuhuan, and RRTI in children was related to many factors, among which vitamin A deficiency was an important reason.