基于多中心横断面调查的中国人群代谢综合征的流行情况及危险因素

目的  调查中国不同民族人群代谢综合征流行状况及危险因素。 方法  通过多阶段分层随机抽样，检测调查对象的代谢综合征相关指标，并按照国家第六次人口普查数据进行标化，多因素及对数线性模型分析危险因素及交互作用。 结果  多民族人群的代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome，MS）患病率为19.58%，朝鲜族的MS患病率最高，其次是汉族，哈萨克族的MS患病率最低；MS及超重肥胖等4项指标检出率，男性高于女性，随着年龄的升高而升高；多因素分析结果显示，女性患MS风险是男性的0.556倍；年龄越大，患MS的风险越大；中心型肥胖人群MS的风险比2.765，同时腰身比大于0.52的风险比为4.259；利用对数线性模型，分析超重/肥胖，高血糖、高血压和血脂紊乱，4个指标之间的关系，显示4个指标有独立的效应，因素之间又有交互作用，且存在部分3因素交互作用。 结论  不同民族MS发生率存在明显差异，MS的高发生率及各指标间存在正向交互作用。应从公共卫生的防控角度，检出更多的MS，并进行干预，减少MS的患病危险因素，降低心脑血管疾病和糖尿病等发生的风险。

The prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Chinese population based on the multi center cross-sectional survey

  Objective  To understand the prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among different ethnic groups.  Methods  A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted. Subjects were selected by multistage stratified random sampling. Physical examination and laboratory testing were performed to collect MS related indicators, and the prevalence was standardized by the 6th general survey data. Further multivariate and logarithmic linear model methods were applied to analyze the risk factors and interaction.  Results  The overall prevalence of MS was 19.58%. The highest prevalence of MS was in Korean, followed by Han, while the lowest was in Kazakh. The rates of MS, overweight and obesity were higher in men than those in women, and increased along with age. Multivariate analysis result showed that the odds ratio (OR) of female to male was 0.556, and aging increased the risk of MS. The OR of central obesity was 2.765, and would reach to 4.259 when the waist-to-body ratio was over 0.52. The logarithmic linear model showed that the overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension and dyslipidemia had independent effects on the risk of MS. Also, there were interactions in the four indicators.  Conclusions  The incidence of MS is high and the positive interaction between the overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension and dyslipidemia is observed, making MS a common crisis to clinical and public health. In order to prevent and control MS, and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and diabetes, early screening of MS should be strengthened and lifestyle intervention should be carried out.