2013年中国超重肥胖成人体重水平低估情况

目的  了解2013年我国超重肥胖成人体重水平低估情况，分析其影响因素。 方法  2013年中国慢性病及其危险因素监测采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法调查≥ 18岁成人共计179 570人。问卷调查获取人口学特征、体重水平自我评价、慢性病患病知晓情况等信息；体格测量获取个体的身高、体重和血压；采集调查对象静脉血，检测空腹血糖、服糖后2 h血糖和血脂四项。选取收集到的87 552名超重肥胖成人作为研究对象，复杂加权后分析不同特征人群体重水平低估情况及其影响因素。 结果  我国有74.7%（95%CI：73.3%~76.1%）的超重肥胖成人低估自我体重水平，其中轻度低估率为60.7%（59.6%~61.7%），严重低估率为14.0%（13.1%~14.9%）。较高年龄、低文化程度、低收入水平、农村地区和肥胖是低估和严重低估体重水平的危险因素（均有P < 0.05）；高血压患者知晓和血脂异常患者知晓是低估和严重低估体重水平的保护因素（均有P < 0.05）。 结论  中国大部分超重肥胖成人低估自身的体重水平，低估受年龄、文化程度、收入水平和慢性病知晓等因素影响，应对不同特征人群开展针对性干预。

Underestimation of weight status among overweight and obese adults in China in 2013

  Objective  The aim is to understand the underestimation of body weight status and its associated factors among overweight and obese adults in China.  Methods  Nationally representative data were collected in 2013 by the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance which used a multistage stratified cluster sampling method. A total of 87 552 overweight and obese adults aged ≥ 18 years old were included. Demographic characteristics, weight perception and disease status were obtained from in-person interviews. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured through physical examination. Venous blood samples were obtained and assayed for fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Complex sampling was weighted and multiple logistic regression models were used for analyzing.  Results  Among overweight and obese adults, 74.7% (95% CI: 73.3%-76.1%) underestimated their weight status. The mild underestimation rate was 60.7% (59.6%-61.7%) while the severe was 14.0% (13.1%-14.9%). The aged, low education level, low annual income, rural area and obesity were risk factors for both weight status underestimation and severe underestimation (all P < 0.05). Awareness of having hypertension and dyslipidemia were protective factors (all P < 0.05).  Conclusions  Most overweight and obese adults in China underestimated their own weight status, which was affected by age, education and income level, awareness of having chronic diseases and other factors. Targeted interventions should be carried out for different characteristic groups.