上海市长宁区家属支援服务对严重精神障碍患者家属的干预效果研究

目的  探讨家属支援服务干预对于提高社区严重精神障碍患者的康复效果和改善家属的心理健康状况及家庭负担的作用。 方法  采取多阶段随机抽样方法，在抽到的2个社区中将符合严重精神障碍诊断标准的患者随机抽取100例患者，随后根据性别、年龄、诊断在其他几个社区中随机匹配100例符合严重精神障碍诊断标准的患者纳入对照组。严格按照患者和家属纳入标准设立对照组和干预组。 结果  200组研究对象患者平均年龄（48.27±12.67）岁，家属平均年龄（63.61±13.19）岁。干预后各时点对照组日常生活能力量表（activity dailyliving scale，ADL）评分均高于干预组（均有P<0.05）。干预后各时点对照组社会功能缺陷表（social disability screening schedule，SDSS）评分均高于干预组（均有P<0.05）。干预后各时点干预组与对照康复状态量表（morningside rehabilitation status scale，MRSS）评分差异均无统计学意义（均有P>0.05）。干预后各时点对照组患者家属心理健康状况症状（精神症状）自评量表（self-reporting inventory，SCL-90）评分均高于干预组（均有P<0.05）。干预后各时点对照组家庭负担量表（family burden scale of diseases，FBS）评分均高于干预组（均有P<0.05）。 结论  本次干预措施确实提高社区严重精神障碍患者康复效果和改善家属心理和家庭负担，应建立一支专业的家属支援服务工作团队。

Intervention effect of family support services in Changning district of Shanghai on family members of patients with severe mental disorders

  Objective  To explore the effect of family support service intervention on improving the rehabilitation of patients with severe mental disorders in community and the mental health status and family burden of family members.  Methods  Using multi-stage random sampling method, 100 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of severe mental disorders were randomly selected from two communities, and then 100 patients who met the diagnostic criteria of severe mental disorders were randomly matched according to gender, age and diagnosis in other communities into the control group. The control group and intervention group were set up strictly according to the inclusion criteria of patients and their families.  Results  The average age of the 200 groups was (48.27±12.67) years, and the average age of the family members was (63.61±13.19) years. After intervention, the activity dailyliving scale (ADL) scores of the control group were higher than those of the intervention group at all time points (all P<0.05). After intervention, the social disability screening schedule (SDSS) scores of the control group were higher than those of the intervention group at all time points (all P<0.05). After intervention, there was no significant difference in the morningside rehabilitation status scale (MRSS) score between the intervention group and the control group at all time points (all P>0.05). After intervention, the SCL-90(self-reporting inventory) scores of the mental health of the family members in the control group were higher than those in the intervention group at all times (all P<0.05). After intervention, the family burden scale of diseases (FBS) scores of the control group were higher than those of the intervention group at all time points (all P<0.05).  Conclusions  The intervention measures did improve the rehabilitation effect of severe mental disorder patients in community and the psychological and family burden of family members. A professional family support service team should be established.