蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶基因、血管内皮生长因子在口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）组织中的蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶基因（PTEN）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达及意义。方法:选取我院2015年4月至2017年9月获取的90例OSCC患者的肿瘤组织标本（OSCC组）和45例癌旁正常口腔黏膜组织标本（对照组），采用免疫组织化学染色技术检测两组标本中PTEN蛋白、VEGF蛋白的表达情况，并分析不同病理学分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移的OSCC患者肿瘤组织中PTEN蛋白、VEGF蛋白阳性表达差异。结果:OSCC组标本中PTEN、VEGF蛋白阳性表达率分别为35.56%、75.56%，对照组标本中PTEN、VEGF蛋白阳性表达率分别为73.33%、31.11%，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；在Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期、低分化、发生淋巴结转移的OSCC患者组织中PTEN蛋白阳性表达率显著低于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期、高分化和中分化、未发生淋巴结转移的OSCC患者，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；在Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期、低分化、发生淋巴结转移的OSCC患者组织中VEGF蛋白阳性表达率显著高于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期、高分化和中分化、未发生淋巴结转移的OSCC患者，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论:OSCC组织中PTEN蛋白表达水平显著降低，VEGF蛋白表达水平显著升高，并且与肿瘤的发生发展关系密切。

Expression and significance of protein tyrosine phosphatase gene and vascular endothelial growth factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of protein tyrosine phosphatase gene (PTEN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues.Methods:The tumor tissue specimens (OSCC group) of 90 OSCC patients obtained from our hospital from April 2015 to September 2017 were selected,and 45 normal oral mucosa tissues were obtained from the adjacent normal tissues (control group).Two groups were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of PTEN protein and VEGF protein in the specimens were analyzed,and the positive expressions of PTEN protein and VEGF protein in the tumor tissues of OSCC patients with different pathological grades,clinical stages and lymph node metastasis were analyzed.Results:The positive rates of PTEN and VEGF in OSCC group were 35.56% and 75.56%,respectively.The positive rates of PTEN and VEGF in control group were 73.33% and 31.11%,respectively.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The positive expression rate of PTEN protein in the OSCC patients of stage III and stage IV,poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than that of stage I and stage II,well differentiation and moderate differentiation,and no lymph node metastasis in OSCC patients.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The positive expression rate of VEGF protein in the OSCC patients of stage III and stage IV,poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that of stage I and stage II,well differentiation and moderate differentiation and no lymph node metastasis.The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of PTEN protein in OSCC tissues was significantly decreased,and the expression level of VEGF protein was significantly increased,and they were closely related to the occurrence and development of tumor.