营养干预对门诊2型糖尿病运动疗法患者效果的调查

目的探讨营养干预对2型糖尿病配合运动疗法的影响因素和效果。方法选择2014年10月-2016年10月对瑞金医院内分泌门诊符合研究纳入标准的105例患者,随机分为试验组(53例)与对照组(52例),对照组给予常规治疗护理指导配合运动疗法,试验组在对照组的基础上进行营养治疗干预,干预3年后比较2组患者每年的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后血糖(PBG)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平;以人口学指标作为自变量(性别、组别、年份、学历、居住地和病龄),以FBG、PBG和HbA1c分别作为因变量进行多元回归分析。结果 2015年、2016年试验组和对照组FBG、PBG和HbA1c数值与2014年比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001),2014-2016年试验组的FBG、PBG和HbA1c均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。多元回归分析显示性别、干预措施、年份、学历、居住地及病龄均为FBG、PBG和HbA1c的影响因素。试验组血糖数值相关指标下降趋势比对照组显著,证明对2型糖尿病运动疗法患者进行营养干预能更有效地控制血糖指标。结论营养干预对2型糖尿病运动疗法患者控制血糖水平有着积极的意义。

Investigation on the effect of nutritional intervention on patients with type 2 diabetes exercise therapy in outpatients

Objective To explore the influencing factors and effects of nutritional intervention on type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with exercise therapy. Methods From October 2014 to October 2016, 105 patients who met the inclusion criteria in the Ruijin Hospital Endocrine Clinic were randomly divided into the experimental group (53 cases) and the control group (52 cases). The control group received routine treatment with exercise therapy, and the experimental group underwent nutritional therapy intervention on the basis of the control group. After three years of intervention, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels in each of the two groups were compared. The demographic indicators (gender, group, year, education, place of residence and course of disease) were used as independent variables. The multiple regression analysis was done using fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin as dependent variables. Results The values of FBG, PBG and HbA1c in the experimental group and the control group were different in 2015 and 2016 compared with 2014 (P<0.001). From 2014 to 2016, the FBG, PBG and HbA1c of the experimental group were lower than those in the control group and had statistical significance (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that FBG, PBG and HbA1c were the influencing factors on gender, intervention, year, education, place of residence and age. The decline trend of blood glucose indicators in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, which proved that nutrition intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes exercise therapy can control blood glucose more effectively. Conclusion Good nursing nutrition intervention is an effective measure to control blood glucose index.