中国和加拿大青少年同伴、亲子关系对恋爱状况的影响

目的:探讨中国和加拿大青少年同伴、亲子关系对恋爱状况的影响。方法:整群抽取中国西安市高中生496名,加拿大多伦多市高中生395名,采用恋爱状况量表、亲子关系量表、同伴关系量表以及一般情况调查表进行调查。结果:加拿大青少年正在恋爱、有过恋爱的比例高于中国(χ~2=45.078,105.112,P<0.05),中国男生正在恋爱的比例高于女生(χ~2=18.133,P<0.001),加拿大青少年正在恋爱的比例不存在性别差异(P>0.05)。中国男生群体约会、严肃恋爱关系得分高于女生(t=5.288、7.621,P<0.05),加拿大仅女生严肃恋爱关系得分高于男生(t=2.082,P<0.05)。相关分析和逐步回归分析结果表明,两国青少年同伴和亲子关系与恋爱状况有关(P<0.05)。结构方程模型(主要拟合指数为χ~2=104.834,CFI=0.963,TLI=0.941,RMSEA=0.062)结果表明,中、加两国青少年同伴关系均对恋爱状况有影响(路径系数分别为0.18,0.31,P均<0.05),亲子关系通过同伴关系对恋爱状况产生影响(路径系数分别为0.36,0.16,P<0.05);相比中国青少年,加拿大青少年的同伴关系对恋爱状况的影响更显著(χ~2=8.055,P<0.001);中国青少年的亲子关系对恋爱状况的压制影响显著(路径系数为-0.12,P<0.05),加拿大青少年的亲子关系对恋爱状况的影响不显著。结论:中、加两国青少年的恋爱状况有显著差异;两国青少年的同伴、亲子关系对恋爱状况的影响具有相似性。

Influence of friend and parental relationship on romantic experiences of adolescents in China and Canada

Aim:To investigate the influence of friend relationship and parental relationship on romantic experience ofChinese and Canadian adolescents.Methods:A total of 496 Chinese and 395 Canadian high school students were surveyed by the Dating Questionnaire,Inventory of Parental Relationship,Inventory of Peer Relationship.Results:The percentage of Canadian adolescents having either a current or past romantic partner were higher than their Chinese counterparts(χ2 =45.078,105.112,P <0.05).The percentage of boys having a current relationship was higher than the girls in China(χ2 = 18.133,P <0.001),whereas in Canada there was little difference between boys and girls(P > 0.05).The score of serious dating of girls in Canada was higher than that of boys(t =2.082,P <0.05),whereas in China the boys reported a higher level of group dating,serious dating than the girls(t =5.288,7.621,P <0.05).The results of correlation and regression analysis showed that friend and parental relationship had influence on romantic experience.The results from SEM which fit the data well(χ2 = 104.834,CFI =0.963,TLI = 0.941,RMSEA = 0.062) showed that in China and Canada,friend relationship was associated with romantic experience(path coefficient was 0.18,0.31,P <0.05),and parental relationship influenced adolescents’romantic experience indirectly through their effect on friend relationship(path coefficient was 0.36,0.16,P <0.05).The romantic experience was more closely related to friend relationship for Canadian adolescents than for Chinese adolescents(χ2 = 8.055,P <0.001).Parents had a negative effect on romantic experiences in China(path coefficient was-0.12,P <0.05),but not in Canada.Conclusion:There are remarkable differences of romantic experiences between Canadian and Chinese adolescents.The effect of parental and friend relationships on romantic experience have similarity in these two cultures.