Effectiveness of aromatherapy with inhaled lavender essential oil and breathing exercises on ECT-related anxiety in depressed patients |
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| Institution: | 1. Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;2. Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;1. Graduate Institute of Counseling Psychology and Rehabilitation Counseling, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan;2. Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, United States;3. Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, CA, United States;4. California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, CA, United States;5. Undergraduate Degree Program of Rift Valley Interdisciplinary Shuyuan, Hui Lan College, National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan;1. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, White River Junction, VT, United States of America;2. Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, United States of America;3. Clinical Psychology, Antioch University of New England, Keene NH, United States of America;4. VA Office of Systems Redesign and Improvement, 215 North Main Street, White River Junction, VT 05009, United States of America;5. National Center for PTSD, 215 North Main Street, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA;1. Private Practice, Victoria Medical Arts, East Bldg. 703 E. Main Street, Moorestown, NJ 08057, United States;2. Laboratory for Advances in Consciousness and Health, the University of Arizona, 1601 N. Tucson Blvd. Medical Square Suite 17, Tucson, AZ 85716, United States;1. The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing. 1710 Red River St., Austin, TX 78712, United States;2. The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Oncology, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, United States;3. The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, 2109, San Jacinto Blvd., Austin, TX 78712, United States;4. The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Department of Women''s Health, 1601, Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, United States;5. The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, 1601 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, United States;1. School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;2. Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Traditional Chinese Medicine-Acupuncture Program, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners and Acupuncturists, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Richmond, Canada;4. Department of Chinese Medicine, Integration of Traditional Chinese-Western Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;5. Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;1. Deparment of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey;2. Fundamental of Nursing Department, Hamidiye Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey;3. Department of Anesthesia and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;4. Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing;5. Deparment of Internal Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Sultan Abdülhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey;6. Department of Health Management, Saglik Bilimleri University, Faculty of Health Science, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey;7. Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey;9. Fundamental of Nursing Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Nursing, Trabzon, Turkey |
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| Abstract: | Background and aims Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is considered a safe, effective, and significant treatment in patients suffering from a major depressive disorder. Anxiety caused by this invasive treatment may impose several side effects on patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of aromatherapy with inhaled lavender essential oil and breathing exercises on ECT-related anxiety in depressed patients.Methods In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 90 depressed patients were selected and divided into three groups: aromatherapy, breathing exercise, and routine care using a random allocation method. Before undergoing ECT, the aromatherapy group was exposed to the inhaled lavender essential oil (n = 30), the breathing exercise group performed the breathing exercises (n = 30), and the routine care group received routine care (n = 30). Before (20 min) and after the intervention (30 min later), patients' anxiety was assessed using Beck Anxiety Inventory.Results After the intervention, the results revealed that anxiety score changes were statistically significant among the three groups (p < 0.001). In addition, it was found that the patients’ mean anxiety scores significantly decreased in the aromatherapy and breathing exercise groups compared to with the pre-intervention scores (p < 0.001).Conclusion Aromatherapy with inhaled lavender essential oil and breathing exercises can be considered by clinical nurses as simple, applicable, and effective interventions to reduce ECT-related anxiety in depressed patients. |
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