老年患者下肢骨折术后深静脉血栓形成的原因及预防护理研究

目的:分析老年患者下肢骨折术后深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的成因,并探究相应的护理方法.方法:选择2016年5月-2018年10月收治的70例在我院接受手术治疗的70例老年骨折患者,分为2组,分别实施常规护理、预防性护理干预,分析DVT的原因,并对比2组患者DVT发生率.结果:对照组术前、术后10天、术后20天时DVT发生率分别为11.4%、20.0%、25.7%,观察组依次为2.9%、8.6%、11.4%,观察组DVT发生率更低于对照组,差异皆有统计学意义(P<0.05);分析诱发DVT的原因,发现年龄(≥65岁)、术前下肢静脉病变、术前体质量指数(BIM)>28kg/m2、切口≥9㎝、术中失血量>500 ml、术后卧床时间>4天均是引起DVT的原因.结论:诱发老年下肢骨折患者术后发生DVT的因素较多,临床应予以其一定重视,积极实施预防性护理措施,降低DVT发生率,改善患者预后.

Causes of deep vein thrombosis and its preventive nursing in elderly patients with lower extremity fracture

Objective:To analyze the causes of deep venous thrombosis(DVT)after lower extremity fracture in elderly patients and ex-plore the corresponding nursing methods.Methods:70 elderly fracture patients treated in our hospital from 2016.5 to 2018.10 were di-vided into two groups:I and II.The causes of DVT were analyzed and the incidence of DVT was compared.Results:The incidence of DVT was 11.4%,20.0%,and 25.7%before,after 10d,and after 20D,respectively,in Group I,2.9%,8.6%,and 11.4%in Group II,respectively.The incidence of DVT in Group II was lower than that in Group I.The differences are statistically significant(P0.05);Analyze the causes of the induction of DVT,Age(≥65),preoperative lower extremity venous lesions,preoperative so-matic mass index(BIM)>28 kg/m,incision≥9,intraoperative blood loss>500 mL,postoperative bed time>4 D are all causes of DVT.reason.Conclusion:There are many factors that induce DVT in the elderly patients with lower extremity fractures.Clini-cal attention should be paid to it.Preventive nursing measures should be actively implemented to reduce the incidence of DVT and improve the prognosis of patients.