Factors Associated with Sport-Related Post-concussion Headache and Opportunities for Treatment |
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Authors: | Johna K Register-Mihalik Christina B Vander Vegt Michael Cools Kevin Carnerio |
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Institution: | 1.Matthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,USA;2.Injury Prevention Research Center,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,USA;3.Curriculum in Human Movement Science, Allied Health Sciences, School of Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,USA;4.Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,USA;5.Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine,University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Chapel Hill,USA |
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Abstract: | Purpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to (1) describe factors both pre- and post-injury that are associated with post-concussion headache, (2) describe the influence of post-concussion headache on recovery following concussion, and (3) provide potential post-concussion treatment options that may reduce the burden of headache, as well as other symptoms to facilitate recovery.Recent FindingsVarious factors may be associated with post-concussion headache presentation. These may include pre-injury or historical factors such as sex, family and self-history of headache and migraine, concussion history, and mood disorders. In addition, post-injury presentation factors for consideration may include injury mechanism, symptom clusters, cervicogenic dysfunction, and post-concussion physiologic dysfunction. Despite this complex interplay of factors, many treatment options may improve headache symptoms and recovery post-concussion including rehabilitation programs focusing on deficits such as visual-vestibular dysfunction, sub-symptom threshold exercise, and potential pharmacological interventions.SummaryConcussion is a complex injury that results in a variety of sequelae with headache being one of the most common. Understanding factors related to post-concussion headache presentation and the available options for treatment may improve patient care and outcomes post-concussion. |
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