Neuroendocrine and Immune Contributors to Fatigue |
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| Authors: | Marni N Silverman Christine M Heim Urs M Nater Andrea H Marques Esther M Sternberg |
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| Institution: | 1. Technische Universität Dresden, Department of Psychology, Dresden, Germany;2. University of Geneva, Department of Psychology, Geneva, Switzerland;1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany;2. Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany;3. Department of Biopsychology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany;1. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, Houston, TX 77030, USA;2. University Medical Center, Laboratory of Neuroimmunology of Developmental Origin of Disease, Utrecht, The Netherlands;3. NutriNeuro, INRA, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France;1. University of California at Los Angeles, United States;2. Harvard University, United States;3. University of Michigan, United States;4. Pennsylvania State University, United States;1. University of Marburg, Department of Psychology, Marburg 35032, Germany;2. University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;3. The Pennsylvania State University, Center for Healthy Aging, University Park, PA 16802, USA;4. School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA |
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| Abstract: | Central fatigue, a persistent and subjective sense of tiredness, generally correlates poorly with traditional markers of disease. It is frequently associated with psychosocial factors, such as depression, sleep disorder, anxiety, and coping style, which suggest that dysregulation of the body's stress systems may serve as an underlying mechanism in the maintenance of chronic fatigue (CF). This article addresses the endocrine, neural, and immune factors that contribute to fatigue and describes research regarding the role of these factors in chronic fatigue syndrome as a model for addressing the biology of CF. In general, hypoactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic nervous system alterations characterized by sympathetic overactivity and low vagal tone, as well as immune abnormalities, may contribute to the expression of CF. Noninvasive methods for evaluating endocrine, neural, and immune function are also discussed. Simultaneous evaluation of neuroendocrine and immune systems with noninvasive techniques will help elucidate the underlying interactions of these systems, their role in disease susceptibility, and progression of stress-related disorders. |
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