阻塞性黄疸患者肝脏组织形态学观察及其损伤机制

目的探讨阻塞性黄疸患者肝脏组织形态学观察及其损伤机制。方法对12例阻塞性黄疸患者的肝组织活检进行常规光镜和电镜制样、切片并观察。结果光镜下胆管增生、扩张，胆汁淤积，胆栓形成；电镜下毛细胆管扩张，肝细胞内胆汁沉积，部分肝细胞凋亡，细胞核固缩或碎裂，线粒体改变明显。结论内毒素的增高可能是梗阻性黄疸引起肝细胞凋亡的主要机制。

Morphological observation of obstructive jaundice patients liver tissues and their injury mechanism

Objective To observe the morphology of liver biopsies of patients who suffered from obstructive jaundice and to discuss their injury mechanism. Methods 12 specimens of liver biopsy were processed in a routine light microscopy and electron microscopy way. After later cutting, they were observed with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Results Light microscopy showed bile ductular proliferation and dilation, cholestasis as well as biliary cast; transmission electron microscopy showed dilated bile canaliculis, droplets of bile pigment accumulated within hepatocytes, some apoptotic liver cells, condensed nucleus or fragmented nucleus as well as remarkably changed mitochondria. Conclusion The increase of endotoxin is the dominating mechanism that leads to apoptosis in hepatocyte of obstructive jaundice.