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Burden of disease from breast cancer attributable to smoking and second-hand smoke exposure in Europe |
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| Authors: | Giulia Carreras Alessio Lachi Roberto Boffi Luke Clancy Silvano Gallus Esteve Fernández Maria José López Joan B. Soriano Ángel López Nicolás Sean Semple Panagiotis Behrakis Giuseppe Gorini TackSHS Project Investigators |
| Affiliation: | 1. Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy;2. Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy;3. TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland (TFRI), Dublin, Ireland;4. Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS (IRFMN), Milan, Italy;5. Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hopitalet de Llobregat, Spain Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hopitalet de Llobregat, Spain University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain;6. Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), Barcelona, Spain CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain;7. Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES), Madrid, Spain Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IISP), Madrid, Spain;8. Polytechnic University of Cartagena (UPCT), Cartagena, Spain;9. Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK;10. Hellenic Cancer Society - George D. Behrakis Research Lab (HCS), Athens, Greece;11. The TackSHS Project Investigators are listed in Appendix. |
| Abstract: | Smoking and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure have been recently linked to a higher risk of breast cancer in women. The aim of this work is to estimate the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from breast cancer attributable to these two risk factors in the European Union (EU-28) in 2017. The comparative risk assessment method was used. Data on prevalence of smoking and SHS exposure were extracted from the Eurobarometer surveys, relative risks from a recent meta-analysis, and data on mortality and DALYs from breast cancer were estimated from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries and Risk Factors Study. In 2017, 82 239 DALYs and 3354 deaths from breast cancer in the EU-28 could have been avoided by removing exposure to these two risk factors (smoking and SHS exposure). The proportion of DALYs from breast cancer lost respectively from smoking and SHS exposure was 2.6% and 1.0%, although geographically distributed with significant heterogeneity. These results represent the first estimates of breast cancer burden in women attributable to smoking and SHS exposure for the EU-28. It is important to increase awareness among women, health professionals and wider society of the association between smoking, SHS exposure and breast cancer, a relationship that is not widely recognised or discussed. |
| Keywords: | breast cancer burden of disease population attributable fraction second-hand smoke smoking |