自我管理实践在城市社区2型糖尿病病人中的效果评价

目的]评价城市社区糖尿病病人自我管理教育模式对病人代谢控制、自我管理水平的影响。方法]对照组按照常规的管理模式给予病人糖尿病的健康教育、发放健康教育宣传资料、随后定期接受电话随访;自我管理组在对照组的基础上,强调病人自我管理重要性,传授自我管理的知识,使用"2型糖尿病病人自我管理行为量表"并定期随访评价实施情况,针对性给予干预。对两组病人进行1年的管理后,评价两组空腹及餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、体质指数及自我管理水平的变化。结果]1年时2组病人的空腹及餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白较入组时有所下降,但自我管理组较对照组改善更明显,自我管理组的自我管理技能显著高于对照组。结论]病人自我管理模式在提高城市社区2型糖尿病病人的自我管理水平和代谢指标的控制方面明显优于常规的糖尿病管理模式。

Evaluation on effect of self- management practice of type 2 diabetes patients in communities of cities

Objective. It evaluated the influence of self - management education model for community diabetic patients in cities on metabolic control and self - management of patients. Methods.. Based on the conventional management mode, patients of control group were given health education about diabetes, provided health education information, then accept regular telephone follow - up. Patients of self, management group were emphasized the importance of self - management, taught knowledge of self - management on the basis of the conventional management mode. The implementation effect was followed up and evaluated in regular time by adopting＂self - management behavior scale for type 2 diabetes patients＂. And corresponding intervention had been given to all cases. Then changes in blood glucose of fasting and postprandial 2 hours, glycosylated hemoglobin, body mass index and self management level of the two group patients were evaluated after the management for 1 year. Results. One year later, the fasting and 2 - hour postprandial blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin of all patients have declined. However, indexes of patients of self - management group improved more obviously than that of control group cases. And self - management skills of self management group patients were significantly higher than those in control group. Conclusion. Emphasizing self- management mode in improving self- management level and metabolic control of indexes of community type 2 diabetes patients in cities is superior to conventional diabetes management mode.