葛根素注射液引起急性溶血机制的实验研究

目的：探讨葛根素注射液引起急性溶血的机制。方法：用Beagle犬和豚鼠进行葛根素注射液的体内外溶血试验如下：制剂的溶媒丙二醇和pH值对体外Beagle犬红细胞的溶血作用；静脉注射葛根素对豚鼠超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）的含量及致敏豚鼠红细胞溶血率的影响；葛根素对Beagle犬和豚鼠红细胞的体外溶血作用和细胞形态的影响。结果：葛根素注射液最大浓度时（10g／L）的pH值为4．48，可致Beagle犬红细胞溶血；而同pH值的0．9％氯化钠注射液未见引起Beagle犬红细胞溶血。含5％和10％丙二醇的葛根素注射液可引起Beagle犬红细胞溶血；单纯5％和10％丙二醇溶液未见引起Beagle犬红细胞溶血。豚鼠静脉注射葛根素注射液组与0．9％氯化钠组比较，红细胞膜MDA含量明显下降（P〈0．01），未见引起氧化性溶血。葛根素注射液致敏豚鼠后与致敏前比较，未见红细胞溶血率升高，未见抗原抗体复合物产生。豚鼠静脉注射葛根素注射液能引起红细胞皱缩甚至破裂。体外非免疫性溶血试验显示葛根素注射液能直接致Beagle犬和豚鼠红细胞溶血，且与剂量相关。结论：葛根素注射液引起的溶血属于药物非免疫性溶血，可能与葛根素注射液直接作用于红细胞，引起红细胞稳定性改变有关。

Experimental studies on mechanism of hemolysis induced by puerarin injection

Objective：To study the mechanism of hemolysis induced by puerarin injection. Methods： Hemolysis tests in vitro and vivo were performed with puerarin injection in Beagle dogs and guinea pigs as follows ： the hemolytic effects of solvent propylene glycol and pH value of the preparation on red cells of Beagle dogs ; the effects of IV puerarin on the levels of SOD and MDA of guinea pigs, and hemolytic rates of red cells of sensitized guinea pigs ; and the influences of puerarin injection on hemolytic effects and morphological change of red cells of Beagle dogs and guinea pigs. Results： The hemolysis of Beagle dogs＇ red cells occurred with puerarin in maximum concentration （ 10 g/L） and pH 4.48, and it did not occur with sodium chloride 0.9%, which had the same pH value as the former. The hemolysis of Beagle dogs＇ red cells occurred with puerarin injection containing propylene glycol 5% or 10% , and it did not occur with propylene glycol solution 5% or 10%. The level of MDA was marked decreased in the puerarin injection group compared with the sodium chloride 0, 9% group （P 〈0. 01 ）. The hemolytic rates of red cells was not increased, and antigen-antibody complex was not found in guinea pigs before and after sensitization with puerarin injection. Red cells of guinea pigs were shrunk or broken. The non-immune hemolysis tests in vitro showed that the hymolysis of red cells of Beagle dogs and guinea pigs occurred with puerarin injection, and it was related to the dosage. Conclusion： Puerarin injection-induce hemolysis is a non-immue one, it may relate to its direct action on red cells and lead to changes in the stability of cells.