广州军地医院护士心理卫生与职业紧张现状及其关系的对照研究

目的了解军地护士心理卫生与职业紧张是否存在差异,探讨影响军地护士心理卫生的职业紧张因素。方法采用普通健康问卷及Mclean蒺s职业紧张问卷,调查广州市13所医院2945名护士的心理卫生及职业紧张现状。按军队医院与地方医院进行护士人群的分组,比较两组人群的心理卫生、职业紧张差异及职业紧张因素对心理卫生的影响作用。结果两组人群心理卫生及职业紧张得分均在正常范围,但存在显著性差异,军队护士心理卫生状况好于地方;地方医院护士应付能力、工作应激源、工作满意感均强于军队护士。多元逐步回归分析显示:应付能力、职称、工作应激源是军队护士心理卫生状况的影响因素,职称、雇用形式、工作压力、应付能力是地方医院护士心理卫生状况的主要影响因素。结论当前针对地方医院护士开展的心理与职业紧张研究的结果并不一定适用军队护士,为促进军队护士的心理卫生,有必要对军队护士心理卫生及影响因素进一步进行深入的研究。

Occupational stress and mental hygiene and their relationship between nurses working in army hospitals and nurses working in non-army hospitals

Objective To investigate the differences of mental hygiene and work s tress between two nurse groups, one working in army hospitals, the other in non- army hospitals. To analyze the factors of work stress which affect nurses' menta l hygiene. Methods Mental hygiene and work stress factors were surveyed among 2 945 nurses in 13 hospitals in Guangzhou by using general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Mclean's work stress questionnaire (MWSQ). The nurses were grouped according to who work in army hospitals or non-army hospitals. The differences of mental hygiene, work stress and influence of work stress between the two grou ps have been compared. Results The scores of mental hygiene and work stress in both two nurses groups were in normal range, but there were significant differen ces between the two groups. Nurse group working in army hospital had better ment al hygiene than that working in non-army hospital. Conversely, nurse group in no n-army hospital had better job satisfaction, more work stress and better coping ability. The analysis of multiple linear stepwise regression showed that coping ability, the title of a technical post, and work stressors were the factors whic h affect nurse group working in army hospitals. The title of a technical post, e mployment form, work stress, and coping ability were the main factors among nurs e group working in non-army hospitals. Conclusion The results of the investigat ion in nurses who work in non-army hospitals is possible not to apply to the nur ses in army hospitals. It is necessary to study the mental hygiene and its facto rs among nurses working in army hospitals further to improve mental hygiene of n urses in army hospitals..