Macrophage-mediated erosion of gamma irradiated poly(trimethylene carbonate) films |
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| Authors: | Erhan Bat Theo G. van Kooten Jan Feijen Dirk W. Grijpma |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Dept. of Molecular Engineering of Materials, Center of Applied Physics and Advanced Technology, National Autonomous University of Mexico (CFATA-UNAM), Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76230, Mexico;2. University of the Valley of Mexico (UVM), Boulevard Villas del Mesón 1000, Juriquilla, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro 76320, Mexico;1. Department of Bone Metabolism, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jinan, China;2. National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;3. Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China;4. Division of Biochemistry, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan;5. Department of Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | A macrophage culture model was used to investigate the erosion of gamma irradiated poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) films. When the PTMC films were incubated in the culture medium, but physically separated from the cells by a membrane, no erosion occurred. In contrast, when the J774A macrophages were directly cultured on PTMC films, they adhered to the films and were found to have eroded the polymer surface. Macrophages adhered to gamma irradiated poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL) controls as well, but to a lesser extent than to the PTMC films. In this case, no signs of erosion were observed. Human skin fibroblasts cultured on PTMC and PCL films as controls also adhered to the films but did not erode the surfaces. The effect of enzymes and reactive oxygen species that can be secreted by macrophages on the erosion process was assessed using aqueous solutions of cholesterol esterase, lipoprotein lipase, esterase, potassium superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide. The PTMC films eroded in aqueous enzyme solutions as well as in aqueous superoxide solutions. Cholesterol esterase and superoxide anion radicals seem to be most involved in the macrophage-mediated erosion of PTMC. This macrophage culture model is useful in assessing the influence of macrophages on the in vivo biodegradability of polymers and in elucidating the biodegradation mechanisms involved. |
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