Repair of articular cartilage defect in non-weight bearing areas using adipose derived stem cells loaded polyglycolic acid mesh |
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| Authors: | Lei Cui Yaohao Wu Lian Cen Heng Zhou Shuo Yin Guangpeng Liu Wei Liu Yilin Cao |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People''s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China;2. National Tissue Engineering Center of China, 68 Jiangchuandong Road, Shanghai 200241, PR China;3. Shanghai Tissue Engineering R&D Center, 100 Qin Zhou Road, Shanghai 200235, PR China;1. Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea;2. Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea;3. Dept of Technical Application, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Gyeonggi 426-910, Republic of Korea;4. Dept of Veterinary Medicine, KonKuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea;1. Dept. of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Dept. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;3. Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;1. Department of Tissue Engineering & Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran;2. Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Digestive Disease Research Institute (DDRI), Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;4. National Cell Bank Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran;1. Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.;2. Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.;3. Twin Cities Orthopaedics, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A.;1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People''s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China;2. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People''s Hospital, TongJi University, Shanghai, PR China;3. Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Luoyang Orthopaedic-Traumatological Hospital, Henan, PR China;1. Rheumatology Department, CHLO—Hospital Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal;2. Chronic Diseases Study Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, UNL, Lisbon, Portugal;3. Bone and Joint Research Unit, IIS Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;4. Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The current study was designed to observe chondrogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) on fibrous polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold stabilized with polylactic acid (PLA), and to further explore the feasibility of using the resulting cell/scaffold constructs to repair full thickness articular cartilage defects in non-weight bearing area in porcine model within a follow-up of 6 months. Autologous ASCs isolated from subcutaneous fat were expanded and seeded on the scaffold to fabricate ASCs/PGA constructs. Chondrogenic differentiation of ASCs in the constructs under chondrogenic induction was monitored with time by measuring the expression of collagen type II (COL II) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG). The constructs after being in vitro induced for 2 weeks were implanted to repair full thickness articular cartilage defects (8 mm in diameter, deep to subchondral bone) in femur trochlea (the experimental group), while scaffold alone was implanted to serve as the control. Histologically, the generated neo-cartilage integrated well with its surrounding normal cartilage and subchondral bone in the defects of experimental group at 3 months post-implantation, whereas only fibrous tissue was filled in the defects of control group. Immunohistochemical and toluidine blue staining confirmed the similar distribution of COL II and GAG in the regenerated cartilage as the normal one. A vivid remolding process with post-operation time was also witnessed in the neo-cartilage as its compressive moduli increased significantly from 50.55% of the normal cartilage at 3 months to 88.05% at 6 months. The successful repair thus substantiates the potentiality of using chondrogenic induced ASCs and PGA/PLA scaffold for cartilage regeneration. |
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