Influences of protein films on antibacterial or bacteria-repellent surface coatings in a model system using silicon wafers |
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| Authors: | Rainer Müller Andreas Eidt Karl-Anton Hiller Verena Katzur Michael Subat Helmut Schweikl Satoshi Imazato Stefan Ruhl Gottfried Schmalz |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;2. Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;3. Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;4. Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;1. Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany;2. Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany;3. Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King''s College London Dental Institute, London SE1 9RT, UK;1. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material of Jiangsu Province; Key and Open Laboratory on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration; National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, China;2. Research Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 10091, China;1. Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry and Medicine, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA;2. Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery Brigham and Women''s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA |
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| Abstract: | Immobilization of defined chemical functionalities to biomaterial surfaces is employed to optimize them not only for tissue compatibility but also for prevention of bacterial infection. Grafting surfaces with chains of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) results in bacterial repellence whereas modification with cationic groups conveys them with bactericidal properties. Since biomaterials in situ will become exposed to a protein-rich environment, it is necessary to investigate the influence of prior protein adsorption on the antibacterial activity of this type of chemical surface modification. In the present study, we immobilized short-chain PEG and two pyridinium group-containing methacrylate monomers, 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) and 6-methacryloyloxyhexylpyridinium chloride (MHPC), to silicon wafer model surfaces to investigate the influence of prior protein adsorption on the bactericidal activity of the surface coating towards subsequently attached bacteria. Adsorbed amounts of human serum albumin and salivary proteins were found to be two times higher on cationic compared to PEG-modified surfaces. An analogous tendency was found for attachment of Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus mutans to the same surfaces without prior protein exposure. However, most bacteria attached to cationic surfaces were found to be dead. Prior exposure of cationic surfaces to protein solutions drastically altered bacterial attachment dependent on the type of protein solution and bacterial species employed. Significantly, the original bactericidal activity of pyridinium-coated surfaces was found greatly reduced upon adsorption of a protein film. As a conclusion we propose that future approaches should combine the protein- and bacteria-repellent properties of PEG-coatings with the bactericidal function of charged cationic groups. |
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