| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;2. Department of Physics & Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;3. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Refractories and Ceramics Ministry-Province Jointly-Constructed Cultivation Base for State Key Laboratory, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;2. Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;3. Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada;4. St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;5. Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;11. Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;12. University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;8. Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;9. Memorial University Health Sciences Center, St John’s Newfoundland, Canada;112. McGill University Health Center and Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;123. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada;84. BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;95. Centre Hospitalier de L-Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada;1111. University Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;1. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0613, United States;2. Division of the National Toxicology Program, NIEHS, RTP, NC 27709, United States |
?) anion, NO, and peroxynitrite (ONOO?) which can injure chromosomes and induce high cellular DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs).