大肠埃希菌的耐药特点与产超广谱β-内酰胺酶基因型分布

目的 探讨大肠埃希菌的耐药特点和产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)基因型分布.方法 对2009年1月-2010年12月临床分离的231株大肠埃希菌进行耐药性统计和ESBLs基因分析.结果 尿液、痰液为最主要标本来源,占43.29％、22.08％；大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林(耐药率85.28％)等多数β-内酰胺类、环丙沙星(75.76％)等氟喹诺酮类、庆大霉素(52.38％)等氨基糖苷类耐药率较高,对美罗培南(4.33％)等碳青霉烯类、头孢哌酮/他唑巴坦(6.93％)等含他唑巴坦β-内酰胺类抗菌药物耐药率低；CTX-M型、TEM型、SHV型耐药基因均可见,CTX-M型多见,可见复合基因.结论 大肠埃希菌耐药率高,应根据药敏及耐药基因合理使用抗菌药物.

Drug resistance of Escherichia coliand genotyping of ESBLs

OBJECTIVE To study the drug resistance of Escherichia coli and the genotyping of extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs).METHODS From Jan 2009 to Dec 2010,the drug resistance of 231 E.coli isolates was analyzed statistically as well as the genotyping of ESBLs.RESULTS The urine(43.29%) and sputum(22.08%) were the main sources of specimens;the resistance rates of E.coli to beta-lactam antibiotics as ampicillin(85.28%),fluoroquinolones as ciprofloxacin(75.76%),aminoglycosides as gentamicin(52.38%) were relatively high,while the resistance rates to carbapenem antibiotics as meropenem(4.33%),and antibiotics containing tazobactam lactam as cefoperazone/tazobactam(6.93%) were relatively low;the resistance genes like CTX-M,TEM,and SHV were visible,CTX-M more frequently and composite genes as well.CONCLUSION The drug resistance rate of E.coli is high,it is necessary to use antibiotics in accordance with drug susceptibility testing and the resistance genes.