乙型肝炎病毒与丙型肝炎病毒感染在综合性医院各科室的分布及临床意义

目的 调查乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染患者在综合性医院科室分布,强调住院患者检测HBV和HCV的临床意义.方法 回顾性调查2003年1月1日-2005年12月31日住院患者89 492例,以了解HBV和HCV阳性患者分布率.结果 共28 984例患者进行HBV和HCV的检测,检验率32.39％;其中HBV阳性患者9348例,占32.25％,在HBV阳性患者中HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb同时阳性者占3.33％;HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb同时阳性者占4.59％；HCV阳性患者975例,占被检测例数3.36％,其中单纯抗-HCV阳性者占被检测例数1.68％,HBV和HCV重叠感染者占被检测例数1.68％.结论 非手术患者HBV和HCV的检测率相对较低,使得这些阳性患者成为医院感染控制的“盲点”,为有效控制医院感染,对非手术科室患者HBV和HCV的检测是非常有意义的.

Distribution of HBV and HCV infections in departments of a general hospital and its clinical significance

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of the patients with HBV or HCV infections in the departments of a general hospital and emphasize the clinical significance in the detection of HBV and HCV.METHODS A total of 89,492 patients who enrolled in hospital from Jan 1 2003 to Dec 31 2005 were retrospectively investigated so as to grasp the distribution of the patients infected with HBV or HCV.RESULTS There were 28 984 of 89 492 patients who were tested with HBV and HCV with the detection rate of 32.39%;there were 9,348 HBV-positive patients,accounting for 32.25%;among HBV-positive cases,HBsAg and HBeAg,HBcAb simultaneous positive cases accounted for 3.33%;while HBsAg,HBeAb,HBcAb simultaneous positive cases accounted for 4.59%;meanwhile,there were 975 HCV-positive patients,accounting for 3.36%,among which the simple anti-HCV-positive patients accounted for 1.68% and the patients with co-infection of HBV and HCV accounted for 1.68%.CONCLUSION The detection rate of HBV or HCV is relatively low in patients in non-surgical departments,which enables some unknown positive cases becoming ’the scotoma’ in the control of nosocomial infections.We propose strengthening on the detection of HBV and HCV in patients in non-surgical departments to avoid nosocomial infections.