烧伤患者感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的了解烧伤患者感染的病原菌分布及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,以便于指导临床用药。方法对医院2001年2月-2011年9月390例烧伤患者创面培养出的病原菌及药敏结果进行调查。结果共检出病原菌546株,革兰阴性杆菌352株占64.47%,以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌为主,革兰阳性球菌175株占32.05%,以金黄色葡萄球菌、肠球菌属为主,分别占12.45%、10.62%,真菌19株占3.48%,以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占1.83%;革兰阳性菌对万古霉素耐药率最低,革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低,革兰阳性菌及革兰阴性菌对头孢一代耐药性均最高。结论烧伤感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,严重感染可选用亚胺培南治疗。

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing infections in burn patients

OBJECTIVE To understand the species of pathogens causing infections in burn patients and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics so as to guide the clinical medication.METHODS A total of 390 patients with burn infections who were enrolled in hospital from Feb 2001 to Sep 2011 were selected for the wound culture,the drug susceptibility testing was performed.RESULTS Totally 546 strains of pathogens were isolated,including 352(64.47%) strains of gram-negative bacilli among which Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,and Enterobacter cloacae were dominant,175(32.05%) strains of gram-positive cocci among which Staphylococcus aureus(12.45%) and Enterococcus(10.62%) were dominant,and 19(3.48%) strains of fungi among which Candida albicans(1.83%) was dominant;drug susceptibility testing showed that gram-positive bacteria were most resistant to the first generation of cephalosporins,the resistance to vancomycin was the lowest;gram-negative bacteria were most resistant to the first generation of cephalosporins,the resistance to imipenem was the lowest.CONCLUSION Gram-negative bacteria are dominant in the pathogens causing burn wound infections,as for the patients with severe burn infections,imipenem is recommended.