258例重症急性胰腺炎患者使用抗菌药物的回顾性分析

目的 回顾性分析258例重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)患者抗菌药物使用情况,旨在为合理使用抗菌药物防治SAP提供参考依据.方法 收集医院消化内科2007年1月-2011年8月收治的SAP患者的病历,调查感染部位、病原菌分布、抗菌药物使用:包括用药目的、名称、用法、用量、用药起止时间、给药途径、联用情况、发生感染和并发症等,进行统计分析.结果 在引起感染的菌群中大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属、肠球菌属引发的感染最为多见,分别占29.5％、18.0％、16.4％;使用的抗菌药物种类主要包括:头孢类占28.9％、硝基咪唑类占17.3％、喹诺酮类占11.8％及青霉素类占8.2％;在用药目的中,预防用药最多,占44.8％,给药时间4～18 d,平均给药(8.4±3.3)d.结论 加强抗菌药物的管理,以达到安全、合理、经济、有效地使用.

Application of antibiotics of 255 patients with severe acute pancreatitis:retrospective study

OBJECTIVE To retrospectively analyze the use of antibiotics of 258 severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) patients so as to provide basis for reasonable use of antibiotics and the prevention of SAP.METHODS The patients with SAP who were enrolled in digestive system department from Jan 2007 to Aug 2011 were collected,the infection sites,pathogen distribution,the incidence of infections and complications and the use of antibiotics including the purposes,names,usage,doses,start and end of medication,routes of administration,and combined use of antibiotics were investigated,and the statistical analysis was performed.RESULTS Of the pathogens causing infections,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,and Enterococci were the most common accounting for 29.5%,18.0% and 16.4%,respectively,the antibiotics currently used mainly included cephalosporins(28.9%),nitroimidazoles(17.3%),quinolones(11.8%)and penicillins(8.2%);the prophylactic use of antibiotics was the major purpose of using antibiotics,accounting for 44.8%,the administration duration was 4-18 days,the average medication duration was(8.4±3.3) days.CONCLUSION The safe,reasonable,economical,and effective use of antibiotics remains to be further strengthened.