呼吸内科患者医院肺部真菌感染临床特点与护理干预

目的 分析呼吸内科患者肺部真菌感染的临床特征和危险因素,提出相应的护理干预措施.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月-2011年1月呼吸内科848例患者临床资料.结果 848例患者中发生医院肺部真菌感染48例,发生率为5.7％;分离出的48株真菌中,白色假丝酵母菌24株,占50.0％;热带假丝酵母菌16株,占33.3％;克柔假丝酵母菌7株,占14.6％;其他真菌1株,占2.1％;白色假丝酵母菌对两性霉素B的敏感率高,为100.0％,对氟康唑、5-氟胞嘧啶敏感率均为91.7％;对制霉菌素敏感率最低,为83.3％.结论 白色假丝酵母菌和热带假丝酵母菌是医院肺部真菌感染的重要病原菌;真菌对制霉菌素的耐药性应引起临床关注,采取积极有效的护理干预以减少医院肺部真菌感染的发生率.

Clinical characteristics of pulmonary fungal infections in patients of department of respiratory medicine and nursing interventions

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristics and the risk factors for pulmonary fungal infections in the patients of the department of respiratory medicine so as to propose the corresponding nursing interventions.METHODS The clinical data of 848 patients in department of respiratory medicine from Jan 2008 to Jan 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Among 848 patients,pulmonary fungal infections occurred in 48 patients with the incidence of 5.6%;of totally 48 strains of fungi isolated,there were 24(50.0%) strains of Candida albicans,16(33.3%) strains of Candida tropicalis,7(14.6%) strains of Candida krusei,and 1(2.1%) strain of other fungus;the drug susceptibility testing demonstrated that the susceptibility rates to amphotericin B,fluconazole,5-flucytodine,and nystatin were 100.0%,91.7%,91.7%,and 83.3%,respectively.CONCLUSION C.albicans and C.tropicalis are the main pathogens causing pulmonary fungal infections,it is necessary to focus on the resistance to nystatin and take positive and effective nursing interventions so as to reduce the incidence of pulmonary fungal infections.