4种结核分枝杆菌检测方法的比较

目的建立更快速、准确的痰结核分枝杆菌检测方法。方法收集83份肺结核病患者的痰标本,分别采用涂片抗酸染色、荧光染色法、罗氏培养和DNA环介导恒温扩增(LAMP)试验对结核分枝杆菌进行检测,并对其阳性检出率进行比较。结果 LAMP试验结核分枝杆菌检出率为72.6%,高于罗氏培养法的57.8%(χ2=11.4,P<0.01),同样高于荧光染色的59.8%(χ2=8.6,P<0.01),显微镜下抗酸染色法的检出率最低,为51.8%,明显低于LAMP法(χ2=22.2,P<0.01);荧光染色法与萋尼染色法比较,差异无统计学意义。结论 LAMP试验检测痰结核分枝杆菌具有快速、敏感、简便、特异等优点,在肺结核患者的早期诊断中将发挥重要作用。

Comparison of four approaches to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE To develop a more quickly and accurately method for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum.METHODS Eighty-three sputum samples of tuberculosis patients were collected.Fluorescence stain of Auramine O and Ziehi-Neelsen strain by smear,Lowenstein-Jensen culture and loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP) test were adopted respectively for detection of M.tuberculosis,and the detection rates were compared.RESULTS The detection rate of M.tuberculosis by LAMP test was 72.6%,followed by Lowenstein-Jensen culture 57.8%(χ2=11.4,P<0.01),and then fluorescence staining 59.8%(χ2=8.6,P<0.01).Acid-fast staining under microscope had the lowest detection rate(51.8%),which was significantly lower than LAMP method(χ2=22.2,P<0.01).There was no statistical difference between fluorescence stain and Ziehi-Neelsen staining.CONCLUSION The LAMP test is a rapid,sensitive,simple and specific method for the detection of M.tuberculosis in sputum and can play an important role in the early diagnosis of tuberculosis.