2004-2011年综合医院传染病发病流行病学分析

目的 探讨综合医院传染病发病趋势和病种分布特点,为传染病预防控制提供依据.方法 对2004-2011年医院传染病报告卡,按照4种传播途径和病种进行分类统计分析.结果 报告传染病1316例,来自于4个门诊科室和43个住院部科室,其中感染性疾病科报告病例705例,占总数的53.57％；传染病病种29个,其中呼吸道传染病病种和病例数均居首位；发病数居前5位病种是手足口病、甲型H1N1流感、水痘、肺结核、梅毒,占总数的78.80％;住院部血源及性传播传染病发病数多于门诊部(P＜0.05);2008年手足口病和2009年甲型H1N1流感暴发时期传染病发病趋势有大幅度上升.结论 综合医院传染病发病呈逐年上升趋势,传染病病种多,科室分布广,呼吸道传染病是防控重点,感染性疾病科在传染病筛查中发挥了重要作用.

Epidemiology of outbreak of infectious diseases in a general hospital from 2004 to 2011

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemic trends and distribution characters of the infectious diseases in the general hospital in order to provide reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.METHODS The report cards of the infectious diseases from 2004 to 2011 in the hospital were sorted and analyzed statistically according to 4 different routes of transmissions and the types of diseases.RESULTS Of 1316 cases of infectious diseases reported from four outpatient departments and 43 inpatient departments,there were 705(53.57%) cases of infectious diseases reported from the infectious disease departments;totally 29 infectious disease types were reported,among which the respiratory tract infectious diseases and the number of the cases ranked the first place;the hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD),influenza A H1N1,varicella,pulmonary tuberculosis,and syphilis ranked the top 5 infectious diseases,accounting for 78.80%;the incidence of the blood borne or sexually transmitted infectious diseases was higher in the inpatient department than the outpatient department(P<0.05);during the period of outbreak of HFMD in 2008 and influenza A H1N1 in 2009,the incidence of infectious disease was significantly increased.CONCLUSION The incidence of the infectious diseases in the general hospital increases year by year,the infectious diseases are diversified and distributed broadly in the departments;the respiratory tract infectious diseases are the key points of prevention,and the infectious diseases department plays a significant role in the screening of the infectious diseases.