医院感染监控管理体系在医院感染管理中的应用

目的探讨医院感染监控管理体系在医院感染管理中的应用方法和效果。方法对本院医院感染管理现状、存在问题进行总结分析，根据《医院感染管理办法》的要求，制订了一整套医院感染监控管理体系。回顾性调查2007年度（实施医院感染监控管理体系前）和2008年度（实施医院感染监控管理体系后）医院感染率、漏报率、手术切口感染率、病原学送检率、医院感染病例平均住院费用和平均住院日等医院感染各项指标并进行比较。结果实施医院感染监控管理体系后，医院感染率和漏报率逐年下降（u=3．459和u=7．234，P〈0．001）；手术切口感染率逐年下降（Х^2=2．030，P〈0．05）；医院感染病原学送检率逐年升高（u=6．231，P〈0．001）；医院感染病例平均住院日逐年缩短（u=4．963，P〈0．01）和平均住院费用逐年减少（u=2．756，P〈0．01）。结论构建和实施有效的医院感染监控管理体系，能有效预防和控制医院感染，降低医院感染率，减少患者的住院时间和住院费用，提高医院感染病原学送检率和减少医院感染的漏报率，确保医疗质量和医疗安全。

Application of monitoring system of nosocomial infections in the management of nosocomial infections

Objective To explore the application and effect of nosocomial infection monitoring system into nosocomial infection management. Methods Based on the concluded results from analyzing status quo of nosocomial infection and the problems in it, a complete system of nosocomial infection monitoring system was formulated in line with the nosocomial infection management regulations. A retrospective survey was done to research into the nosocornial infection rate, infection rate of ineisional wounds, missing reporting rate, inspection rate of aetiology, average hospitalization expense and average hospitalization duration of patients from nosocomial infection in the respective year of 2007 and 2008, which were all compared between the two years. Results In comparison with the year of 2007, the nosocomial infection rate and the missing reporting dropped （u = 3.459 vs. u=7.234; P 〈 0.001）, the rate infection rate of incisional wounds fell （Х^2 = 2.030, P 〈 0.05）, the inspection rate of aetiology went up （u = 6.231, P 〈 0.001）, the average hospitalization expense were lessened （u = 2.756, P 〈 0.01） and the average hospitalization duration of patients from nosocomial infection shortened （u = 4.963, P 〈 0.001） in 2008. Conclusions The nosocomial infection monitoring system is effective for controlling nosocomial infection, lowering the rate of nosocomial infection, shortening the hospitalization duration and lessening the expenses. In addition, it can normalize the behaviors of medical workers, increase the inspection rate of aetiology and lowering the missing reporting rate and finally ensure the medical quality and safety.