慢性病的社区干预效果评价

目的探讨社区干预对慢性病防治的作用。方法采用多级分层随机抽样的方法，抽取宁波市区35～74周岁的常住（5年及5年以上）居民16000人，对干预后组与干预前组及对照组居民慢性病相关知识、行为等进行比较，应用SPSS11．0软件包进行资料分析。结果通过干预，慢性病防治知识知晓率有了显著增加；干预后，吸烟率由22．35％下降到20．75％，且低于同期对照组的23．28％；体育锻炼率由34．84％上升到39．55％，且高于同期对照组的32．68％；膳食中新鲜蔬菜、水果、奶类、鱼类食用率高于干预前及对照组，甜食、含油脂多的食物、腌熏制品食用率低于后者；超重率由31．66％下降到28．77％，且低于同期对照组的35．14％。结论社区干预是慢性病防治的有效方法。

Evaluation of Effect of Community Intervention on Chronic Diseases

Objective To explore the effect of community intervention on prevention and control of chronic disease.Methods 16 000 Ningbo residents aged 35 to 74 selected by multistage and random sampling were assigned to intervention and control group.The chronic disease related knowledge and behaviors of the subjects were investigated.The data were analyzed with SPSS 11.0.Results It was found that the knowledge about how to prevent and control chronic diseases was enhanced,the smoking rate was decreased(from 22.35% to 20.75%) in intervention group and was significantly lower than that in control group(23.28%).The physical exercise rate was increased from 34.84% to 39.55% in intervention group,and was significantly higher than that in the control group(32.68%).The intake of dietary vegetables,fruits,milk and fish increased in intervention group and was significantly higher than that in control group.Meanwhile the intake of dietary sweet,fatty and salted foods decreased significantly in intervention group.Overweight or obesity rate decreased from 31.66% to 28.77% in intervention group,and were lower than that in control group(35.14%) significantly.Conclusion Community intervention is effective for prevention and control of chronic diseases.