高原训练对优秀游泳运动员的生理效应

本文对中国游泳队在1986年亚运会前到1988年奥运会的三年里所进行的9次高原训练中,从血乳酸、超声心动图、血红蛋白、尿蛋白、体重等方面,对运动员的身体机能进行了监测;认为高原训练的超量恢复,从乳酸—速度曲线右移,心血管功能的改善,血红蛋白的回升,在机能方面得到验证,提示为运动成绩提高的物质基础,说明高原训练对游泳运动员在数次重大比赛中获得好成绩是有积极作用的。

THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALTITUDE TRAINING ON ELITE CHINESE SWIMMERS

This study was to investigate the physiological effects of nine 3-week altitude training sessions on topranking Chinese swimmers during the three years from the 1986 Asian Games to the 1988 Olympic Games. The parameters used for testing the subjects included blood lactate, echocardiogram, hemoglobin, prote-inuria and body weight. Results of the tests revealed the following manifestations of over-compensation after altitude training: 1)In the incremental load test (step test) the rightward shift of the lactate-velocity curve indicated an impro- vement in the aerobic ability; 2) These was an increase in the average values of the function of left ventric-ular pumping such as the stroke volume, ejection fraction and ?D%, as well as in the thickness of the leftventricular postwall; 3) There was a resurge in the level of hemoglobin. These manifestations proved the worth of altitude training in helping improve athletic cardiofunction andaerobic ability. The benefits altitude training were confirmed by the oved performances of most swimmers in several major competitions in subsequent periods.