地方性氟中毒病区中氟对胎儿影响的研究

本文以不同氟水平地区153名怀孕4个月以上的孕妇为对象研究氟对胎儿可能产生的影响。结果表明,随着孕妇尿氟水平的升高其胎儿羊水氟含量也升高,差异显著(p<0.01)。通过对29例胎儿股骨的光镜观察及3例扫描电镜的观察,发现孕妇尿氟、胎儿羊水氟水平高者有明显病理改变,主要表现为骨生成活跃且紊乱。病理改变与尿氟、羊水氟氟水平有关,当尿氟小于2.0mg/L、羊水氟小于0.03mg/L 无病理改变发生。尿氟水平低于3.5mg/L 组,病理改变率为17.39%,(4/23),高于7mg/L 组病理改变率为83.33%(5/6),两者差异显著(P=0.0055);羊水氟水平低于0.05mg/L 组病理改变率为8.3%(1/12),高于0.05mg/L 组为47.06(8/17),差异显著(p=0.0422)。研究结果提示,氟能经过胎盘进入胎儿体内且可用羊水氟水平反应胎儿受氟量的高低及判断能否受到影响,说明氟对人体的作用在胎儿时期即可发生,这为氟中毒的早期防治提供了依据。

The effect of fluoride on fetuses in the endemic area of fluorosis

In the endemic area of fluorosis in Inner Mongolia,a study was carried outamong 153 women pregnating 4 to 8 months and their fetuses were taken byinduced abortion,The results showed that the fluoride level of amniotic fluidarose with the increasing of urinary fluoride level in pregnating women(P<0.01).The observation to 29 bone samples of fetuses was made under the lightmicroscope and 3,under the scanning electron microscope.The samples ofbone with higher fluoride level showed that the proliferation was more activeand the structure was disturbed.The change rate of bone under light microscopewas ralated to the fluoride level pregnating women's urine and amniotic fluid.There were no evidences of bone changes under 2.0mg/l of urine and 0.03mg/l ofamniotic fluid level,Under3.5,and over 7.0mg/l urinary fluoride level,the changerate of bone was 17.39% and 83.33% respectively(P=0.0055).Under and over0.05mg/l of amniotic fluid of fluoride level,the rate was 8.3% and 47.06%respectively (P=0.0422).All of these suggested that fluoride affected fetuses inthe intra-uterine stage.