Expression of CD30 on T helper cells in the inflammatory infiltrate of acute atopic dermatitis but not of allergic contact dermatitis |
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Authors: | Wolfgang Dummer Christian Rose Eva-Bettina Bröcker |
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Institution: | Department of Dermatology, University of Würzburg, Germany, DE
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Abstract: | Abstract The CD30 molecule has been proposed as a marker for a subset of CD4+CD45RO+ (memory) T cells with potent B cell helper activity producing IL-5 and IFN-γ and as a specific marker for Th2 cells. Recently,
an association has been demonstrated between elevated serum levels of soluble CD30, which is shed by CD30+ cells in vitro and in vivo, and atopic dermatitis but not respiratory atopic disorders or allergic contact dermatitis. We
studied the expression of CD30 in the inflammatory infiltrate of atopic dermatitis compared with that of allergic contact
dermatitis, with special regard to skin disease activity (acute vs subacute/ chronic). Biopsies were obtained from 16 patients
suffering from atopic dermatitis (acute n = 6, subacute/ chronic n = 10), from 7 patients with acute allergic contact dermatitis and from 5 positive patch-test reactions. Paraffin-embedded
as well as snap-frozen material was stained with anti-CD30 and anti-CD45RO mAbs according to standard procedures. Double-staining
procedures for CD30CD3, CD30CD4, CD30CD45RO and CD30CD68 were also performed. Abundant CD45RO+ cells were detected both in atopic dermatitis and in allergic contact dermatitis lesions. We found scattered CD30+ cells in only one of six formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded acute atopic dermatitis biopsies, but in all of the respective
snap-frozen specimens, possibly because CD30 expression on atopic dermatitis infiltrating cells is weak and sensitive to formalin
fixation and paraffin embedding. CD30CD3 and CD30CD4 double staining identified CD30+ cells to be helper T lymphocytes. No significant CD30 expression (either in paraffin-embedded or in frozen material) could
be found in subacute/chronic atopic dermatitis lesions or in any of the specimens of allergic contact dermatitis. The results
suggest a specific regulatory function of CD30+ T cells in acute atopic dermatitis. With respect to the view that CD30 is a marker for Th2 cells, our observations confirm
previous findings that Th2 cells predominate in the infiltrate particularly of acute atopic dermatitis. CD30 expression in
acute atopic dermatitis but not in acute allergic contact dermatitis might be helpful in the histological differentiation
of these disorders and in the further characterization of atopy patch testing.
Received: 1 April 1998 / Received after revision: 28 May 1998 / Accepted: 3 July 1998 |
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Keywords: | CD30 Atopic dermatitis Allergic contact dermatitis |
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