石化生产噪声对作业工人位听功能影响的调查

目的 :探讨石化生产车间噪声的种类和强度及其对作业工人位听功能的影响。方法 :用精密积分声级计记录北京燕山石油化工有限公司 4个生产车间噪声强度及频率分布 ,按常规对 117例作业工人行纯音测听 ,其中 5 1例还做了听性脑干反应 (ABR)及前庭功能测试。结果 :生产车间噪声为宽频稳态噪声 ,声强 85 .7～ 10 4.0d B(A) ,频率范围起伏以 1～ 8k Hz为主 ;工人中 5 9.0 % (6 9/ 117)出现听力损失 ,听力以高频损失为主 ,语言频率以轻度损失为主 ;工龄在 10年以上较 5年以下者听力受损明显增加 ;A BR各波潜伏期及波间期与对照组无明显差异。在听力受损者中 ,有 17.4%前庭功能冷热试验双侧不对称比值 (CP)超过正常范围。结论 :石化生产车间噪声为宽频稳态噪声 ;长期接触生产噪声可导致一定程度的听力损失 ,听力损失程度和前庭功能异常之间无明显相关性。

Study on the working noise in BYPC and the effects caused by working noise on the workers' vestibular and auditory function]

OBJECTIVE: In order to observe the kinds and intensity of the working noise of Yansan Petrochemical Co. and the effects caused by the working noise on the workers' vestibular and auditory function. METHOD: The intensity and frequency of the working noise were recorded by exactolnoisemeter in the workshop. One hundred and seventeen workers were tested in routine pure-tone tested method. The SPVN and ABR were tested within fifty-one workers of all. RESULT: The working noise of Yansan Petrochemical Co. belongs to the broad band and steady noise. The intensity of the working noise were during 85.7-104.0 dB(A) and the main frequency were during 1-8 kHz. About 59 percent workers who exposed to the working noise had hearing loss. The most hearing-loss were in the high frequency. The hearing-loss of speech frequency were slight. Workers who have more six years standing have obviously increased hearing-loss than the workers who have less five years standing. There were significant differences the ABR thresholds and wave-interval between the tested and controlled groups. The SPVN and CP were abnormal in more than 17.4 percent workers with hearing loss. CONCLUSION: The working noise of Yansan Petrochemical Co. belongs to the broad band and steady noise. Working noise can lead to workers' hearing loss of certain degrees who exposed in the noise for a long time. Obvious correlation was not defined between the hearing-loss and the abnormal vestibular response group.