镍铬钴混合物对肾毒作用机理的研究

目的 探讨镍铬钴混合物致肾毒作用机理,为早期防治镍、铬、钴联合毒性所致的肾脏损伤提供理论依据。方法 模拟金川矿区矿石中镍、铬、钴平均含量百分比(Ni:Cr:Co=0.26:0.30:0.02),连续10日小鼠腹腔注射硫酸镍2.5mg/kg、重铬酸钾0.14mg/kg、氯化钴0.41mg/kg及其混合物0.09mg/kg、0.17mg/kg染毒。制备肾小管细胞膜,采用定磷比色法检测肾小管细胞膜Na⁺.K⁺-ATPase、Ca²⁺-ATPase活性。结果 各单体和混合物明显抑制肾小管细胞膜Na⁺.K⁺-ATPase、Ca²⁺-ATPase活性,尤以混合物组显着,并且混合物毒性大于各单体毒作用。结论 混合物在体内可能产生联合毒性,抑制肾小管细胞膜ATPase活性而致肾脏损伤。

Study on Mechanism of Kidney Toxicity of Mixture of Nickel Sulfate,Potassium Dichromate and Cobalt Chloride

Objective To study the mechanism of NiSO₄,K₂Cr₂O₇,CoCl₂ and the mixture to damage kidney of mice in order to provide theoretical evidence for preventing and curing joint toxicity of the mixture.Methods Several groups of mice were exposed respectively to NiSO₄,K₂Cr₂O₇,CoCl₂ at dose of 2.5mg/kg,0.14mg/kg,0.41mg/kg and a mixture of them at 0.09mg/kg,0.17mg/kg according to the ores percentage of average content(Ni:Cr:Co=0.26:0.30:0.02)in the Jinchuan area through intraperitoneal injection for 10 days.Renal tubular cell membrane were prepared to assess the activity of Na⁺.K⁺-A TPase,Ca²⁺ -ATPase with enzyme biochemical assay.Results The enzyme activity of Na⁺.K⁺-ATPase,Ca²⁺-ATPase were inhibited obviously by NiSO₄,K₂Cr₂O₇,CoCl₂ and the mixture,and the mixture toxicity were stronger than that of NiSO₄,K₂Cr₂O₇,CoCl₂ lonely.Conclusion This could be the mixture that caused joint toxicity in the body of mice to inhabit the activity of Na⁺.K⁺-ATPase,Ca²⁺-A TPase of renal tubular cell membrane so as to damage the kidney.However,the mechanism of joint toxicity on the mixture should be studied further.