汶川地震后四个月平武县部分灾民的精神健康状况

目的 了解汶川地震灾后4个月时灾民的精神健康状况.方法 以四川省平武县地震重灾区灾民点的1 164名灾民为调查对象,采用心理健康自评问卷(SRQ)为本次调查的筛选工具,以DSM-Ⅳ轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查病人版(SCID-I/P)中有关抑郁和焦虑障碍的章节为本次调查的诊断工具,以SRQ总分≥7分为高危人群,＜7分为低危人群,对部分高、低危人群进行SCID-I/P检查;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)中国修订版对灾民的睡眠质量进行评定.结果 SRQ的平均分为(8.20±5.57)分,SRQ总分＜7分者517人(44.4%),SRQ总分≥7分者647人(55.6%),灾民存在明显的焦虑、抑郁及躯体症状,且女性明显多于男性.灾民的睡眠质量较低,有亲人死亡的灾民睡眠问题更加突出.震后4个月,与地震有关的焦虑抑郁障碍发生率为37.5%.结论 地震所致的创伤后应激障碍、抑郁焦虑障碍发生率高,应根据不同情况给予药物和心理干预.

Mental Health Condition of Parts of Victims in Pingwu County Four Months after the Earthquake

Objective To describe the mental health condition of parts of victims in Pingwu County,Sichuan Province four months after the Wenchuan earthquake.Methods Totally 1 164 heavy victims from Pingwu County were screened by self-reporting questionnair(SRQ),then a structured depression and anxiety examination in SCID-I/P of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder(Fourth edition DSM-Ⅳ) was used for their diagnosis.The subjects whose SRQ was ≥7 were classified as high risk group and those whose SRQ was <7 as low risk group.SCID-I/P examination was conducted for parts of the high and low risk subjects,and the sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Revised for Chinese (C- PSQI).Results The average SRQ scores was (8.20±5.57),There were 517 subjects with SRQ<7 (44.4%),and 647 with SRQ≥7 (55.6%).The victims suffered from apparent anxiety,depression and somatic symptoms,and there were more females than males.The victims′ sleep quality was lower,especially serious for those with death of their relatives.Four months after earthquake the prevalence of mental disorders relevant to disaster was 37.5%.Conclusion The prevalence of post-traumatic stress,depression and anxiety is higher in victims.Medication and psychological interventions should be given according to the different conditions.