某部入伍学生新兵营养知识知晓率调查及结果分析

目的 调查某部在训学生新兵的营养知识知晓情况,探讨其中可能的影响因素,为改进和完善新兵营养健康教育工作提供科学依据.方法 选取某部在训学生新兵282人为调查对象,采用设计问卷现场调查.结果 调查对象均为男性,平均年龄为18.9岁.教育程度初中39人(13.8％),高中124人(44.0％),专科108人(38.3％),本科11人(3.9％).从总知晓率看,对"如果维生素A缺乏,应该多吃胡萝卜","偶尔吃饭之前不洗手","平时注意额外补充某种或某些营养素,如维生素等","去超市选购零食或其他食物,关心生产日期和保质期","食物中长期缺乏蛋白质会导致什么后果"这些问题的知晓率较低,低于60％.分析结果显示,不同年龄、教育程度、生长环境对这类问题的知晓率有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论 应该根据不同年龄、教育程度和生长环境对新兵进行针对性地营养健康教育,以帮助他们提高自身身体素质和培养良好的生活习惯,为适应高强度的军事训练和提高官兵整体健康素养奠定基础.

Survey on awareness rate of the nutritional knowledge among recruits of student

Objective To provide scientific evidences for improvement and completing nutrition and health education among the recruits,investigate awareness rate of nutrition knowledge and discuss its influential factors undergoing basic military training.Methods 282 student recruits(in school or fresh graduates)selected in the study who were undergoing basic military training as respondents and adopted the method of field investigation employing designed questionnaire.Results All respondents were male and the average age was 18.9.39(13.8％)student recruits have junior high school education,124(44.0％)have high school education,108(38.3％)have college education,and 11(3.9％)have undergraduate education.Analyzed the total awareness of "If vitamin A deficiency,should we eat carrots" and "Do not wash their hands before eating occasionally","Usually pay attention to certain additional supplements or certain nutrients,such,as vitamins,etc.","When going to the supermarket to buy snacks or other foods,we should care for the production date and shelf life ","What consequences will happen when foods lack of protein during long time".The awareness rate of these problems was less than 60％.Awareness rate of of different age,educational level,growth environment had statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).Conclusion Different targeted education programs should be made according to ages,education and growth environment of student recruits to help them improve their physical fitness and develop good habits in order to adapt the high intensive military training and improve the whole health literacy among the troops.