婴幼儿反复、持续吼喘58例病因分析

目的提高临床儿科医师对婴幼儿反复吼喘的鉴别诊断能力。方法对临床持续吼喘≥4周或反复吼喘≥3次、年龄≤3岁的58例住院患儿进行病因分析。结果58例中诊断为婴幼儿哮喘26例,气管、支气管软化10例,气管、支气管狭窄9例,异物4例,支气管肺发育不良2例,胃食管返流4例,其他原因3例。结论婴幼儿出现反复吼喘最多见原因为婴幼儿哮喘;小婴儿必须排除先天性因素的可能性,6个月以内的小婴儿持续或反复吼喘最多见原因为先天性气道或肺发育异常疾病。

Analysis on the causes of recurrent and persistent wheezing in 58 infants

objective To improve the ability to make differential diagnosis of recurrent wheezing in children. Methods Etiologic analysis was made on the 58 children under 3 years old whose clinical manifestations were persistent wheezing with duration longer than 4 weeks or recurrent wheezing for more than three times.Results Twenty six infants were found with asthma;10 with bronchomalacia or tracheomalacia,9 with bronchial or tracheal stenosis,4 with foreign bodies, 2 with bronchopulmonary dyspasia,and 4 with gastroesophageal reflux. Conclusions Infantile asthma was the major cause of recurrent wheezing in children.Congenital malformation should be considered as the cause of wheezing in infants, especially for infants younger than 6 months.